Abstract:

Objective　To analyze the relationships between different feeding manners and iron deficiency anemia in 6-month-old infants. Methods　A total of 623 6-month-old infants who accepted health care and blood routine test in Guangdong Women's and Children's Hospital from December 2022 to February 2023 were selected, including 364 boys with a birth weight of (3.22±0.33) kg and 259 girls with a birth weight of (3.11±0.33) kg. They were divided by feeding manners into a breast-feeding group (201 cases, exclusive breast-feeding from birth to 6 months old), an artificial feeding group (289 cases, exclusive infant formula feeding after birth), and a mixed feeding group (133 cases, partial breast-feeding + infant formula feeding after birth). The anemia related indexes such as hemoglobin in the blood routine of the three groups were sorted out and the anemia conditions in the three groups were analyzed. χ² test was used. Results　The incidence of iron deficiency anemia in the 6-month-old infants was 22.3% (139/623), all of which were mild anemia. The incidence of iron deficiency anemia in the breast-feeding group [30.8% (62/201)] was higher than that in the artificial feeding group [15.9% (46/289)] and the mixed feeding group [23.3% (31/133)], with a statistically significant difference (χ²=15.340, P<0.001). Conclusions　Breast feeding infants have a higher prevalence of iron deficiency anemia, but mostly are mild anemia. Breast milk is still the most ideal natural food for infants, but iron-rich complementary food should be added promptly and reasonably, in order to prevent iron deficiency anemia.

Key words:

Iron deficiency anemia, Feeding manners, Infants, 6 months old

摘要：

目的　分析6月龄内婴儿不同喂养方式与其缺铁性贫血发生之间的关系。方法　选取2022年12月至2023年2月在广东省妇幼保健院保健且进行血常规检测的6月龄婴儿623例，其中男婴364例，出生体质量为（3.22±0.33）kg；女婴259例，出生体质量为（3.11±0.33）kg。按喂养方式分为母乳喂养组（201例，出生后至6月龄内纯母乳喂养）、人工喂养组（289例，出生后完全婴儿配方奶粉喂养）和混合喂养组（133例，出生后部分母乳喂养+婴儿配方奶粉喂养），整理3组婴儿血常规中血红蛋白等贫血相关的指标，分析3组婴儿贫血的情况。采用χ²检验。结果　6月龄婴儿缺铁性贫血的发生率为22.3%（139/623），均为轻度贫血。母乳喂养组婴儿缺铁性贫血发生率［30.8%（62/201）］高于人工喂养组［15.9%（46/289）］和混合喂养组［23.3%（31/133）］，差异有统计学意义（χ²=15.340，P<0.001）。结论　母乳喂养的婴儿缺铁性贫血的发生率较高，但以轻度为主，仍推荐6月龄内婴儿母乳喂养，但应正确、及时、合理地添加含铁丰富的辅食，以预防婴幼儿缺铁性贫血的发生。

关键词:

缺铁性贫血, 喂养方式, 婴儿, 6月龄