Abstract:

Objective　To study the intervention effect of nutritional management during pregnancy combined with smart App in weight management for pregnant women. Methods　A total of 92 pregnant women from Zhumadian Central Hospital from January 2022 to December 2023 were selected as the study objects. All the selected pregnant women were divided into a control group (46 cases) and an experimental group (46 cases) according to the random number table method. The experimental group was (28.03±3.12) years old; the gestational age was (9.35±1.06) weeks; there were 28 primipara and 18 parturients; the education level was junior high school and below in 8 cases, secondary school or high school in 12 cases, and college and above in 26 cases. The control group was (28.15±3.04) years old; the gestational age was (9.23±1.09) weeks; there were 30 primipara and 16 parturients; the education level was junior high school and below in 7 cases, secondary school or high school in 15 cases, and college and above in 24 cases. The control group received conventional weight management, and the experimental group received prenatal nutrition management combined with smart App weight management on the basis of conventional weight management. Both groups were intervened till delivery. The Self-rating Questionnaire of Healthcare (SQHMP) score, body mass index, delivery mode, and complication rate were compared between the two groups. Independent sample t test and χ² test were used for statistical analysis. Results　The SQHMP scores [(89.32±3.18) points and (105.37±4.13) points] in the experimental groups at 20 weeks of pregnancy and delivery were higher than those in the control group [(78.57±3.25) points and (92.15±3.27) points] (t=16.035 and 17.021, both P<0.05); the body mass indexes [(22.32±1.05) kg/m² and (25.86±1.15) kg/m²] were lower than those in the control group [(23.58±1.12) kg/m² and (27.64±1.18) kg/m²] (t=5.567 and 7.327, both P<0.05). The cesarean section rate [19.57% (9/46)] in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group [39.13% (18/46)] (χ²=4.246, P=0.039), and the natural delivery rate [78.26% (36/46)] was higher than that in the control group [54.35% (25/46)] (χ²=5.886, P=0.015). The incidences of gestational diabetes mellitus [2.17% (1/46)], gestational hypertension [4.35% (2/46)], macrosomia [4.35% (2/46)], and low-birth-weight infants [2.17% (1/46)] in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group [17.39% (8/46), 19.57% (9/46), 21.74% (10/46), and 19.57% (9/46)] (χ²=4.434, 5.060, 6.133, and 7.181, P=0.035, 0.025, 0.013, and 0.007). Conclusion　Nutritional management during pregnancy combined with smart App for maternal weight management can strengthen the self-care management of pregnant women, improve the rate of natural delivery, and reduce the incidences of maternal and infant complications such as gestational hypertension, diabetes mellitus, macrosomia, and low-birth-weight infants.

Key words:

Pregnant women, Weight management, Nutritional management during pregnancy, Smart App

摘要：

目的　研究孕期营养管理联合智能App用于孕妇体重管理的干预效果。方法　选择2022年1月至2023年12月驻马店市中心医院92例孕妇作为研究对象，按随机数字表法分为对照组（46例）和试验组（46例）。试验组年龄（28.03±3.12）岁；孕周（9.35±1.06）周；初产妇28例，经产妇18例；文化程度：初中及以下8例，中专或高中12例，大专及以上26例。对照组年龄（28.15±3.04）岁；孕周（9.23±1.09）周；初产妇30例，经产妇16例；文化程度：初中及以下7例，中专或高中15例，大专及以上24例。对照组采用常规体重管理，试验组在常规体重管理基础上采用孕期营养管理联合智能App体重管理，两组均干预至分娩。对比两组孕妇自我保健管理问卷（SQHMP）评分、体重指数、分娩方式、并发症发生率。采用独立样本t检验、χ²检验进行统计学分析。结果　试验组孕20周、分娩时SQHMP评分［（89.32±3.18）分、（105.37±4.13）分］高于对照组［（78.57±3.25）分、（92.15±3.27）分］（t=16.035、17.021，均P<0.05），体重指数［（22.32±1.05）kg/m²、（25.86±1.15）kg/m²］低于对照组［（23.58±1.12）kg/m²、（27.64±1.18）kg/m²］（t=5.567、7.327，均P<0.05）。试验组剖宫产率［19.57%（9/46）］低于对照组［39.13%（18/46）］（χ²=4.246，P=0.039），自然分娩率［78.26%（36/46）］高于对照组［54.35%（25/46）］（χ²=5.886，P=0.015）。试验组妊娠期糖尿病［2.17%（1/46）］、妊娠期高血压［4.35%（2/46）］、巨大儿［4.35%（2/46）］、低出生体重儿发生率［2.17%（1/46）］均低于对照组［17.39%（8/46）、19.57%（9/46）、21.74%（10/46）、19.57%（9/46）］（χ²=4.434、5.060、6.133、7.181，P=0.035、0.025、0.013、0.007）。结论　孕期营养管理联合智能App用于孕妇体重管理可加强自我保健管理，提高自然分娩率，减少妊娠期高血压、妊娠期糖尿病、巨大儿、低出生体重儿等母婴并发症的发生。

关键词:

孕妇, 体重管理, 孕期营养管理, 智能App