Analysis of sensory integration ability and behavior in children with autism spectrum disorder with enuresis

doi:10.3760/cma.j.cn441417-20240926-11014

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective　To explore the relationship between sensory integration abilities and behavior in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) who have comorbid enuresis. Methods　This study was a cross-sectional analysis. Using purposive sampling, 72 children with ASD hospitalized within 2 weeks at the Rehabilitation Department of Guangdong Women and Children Hospital were consecutively selected from March to September 2023. They were divided into a non-comorbid group (43 cases) and a comorbid group (29 cases) based on the presence of enuresis. Among the 72 ASD children, there were 59 males and 13 females, with ages of 4, 5, 6, and 8 years accounting for 40, 20, 11, and 1 case, respectively. The sensory integration assessment scale and autism behavior assessment scale scores were analyzed and compared between the two groups. Statistical analysis was conducted using Fisher's exact probability method and t tests. Results　There were no statistically significant differences in age and gender between the two groups of ASD children aged 4 to 6 years (P>0.05). The comorbid group had lower scores on the vestibular sense subscale of the sensory integration scale compared to the non-comorbid group, and higher scores on the self-care ability subscale of the autism behavior assessment scale [(43.21±5.93) points vs. (48.33±5.78) points, (9.66±4.70) points vs. (7.35±4.50) points], with statistically significant differences (t=3.647, -2.096, both P<0.05). Conclusion　Children with autism spectrum disorder and comorbid enuresis exhibit more severe vestibular dysfunction and poorer self-care abilities. Sensory integration training combined with life skills intervention may improve their prognosis.

Key words: Autism spectrum disorder, Sleep enuresis, Sensory integration, Autism Behavior Rating Scale, Children

摘要：

目的　探讨孤独症谱系障碍共患遗尿症儿童感觉统合能力与行为的关系。方法　本研究为横断面研究。采用目的抽样法，于2023年3—9月连续选取广东省妇幼保健院康复科收治入院2周内的孤独症谱系障碍患儿72例，将是否共患遗尿症分为非共患组（43例）、共患组（29例）。72例ASD儿童中男59例、女13例，年龄4、5、6、8岁分别为40、20、11、1例。分析比较两组患儿的感觉统合评定量表和孤独症行为评定量表评分。采用Fisher精确概率法、t检验进行统计分析。结果　两组4～6岁孤独症谱系障碍患儿的年龄、性别差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。共患组患儿感觉统合量表的前庭觉评分低于非共患组、孤独症行为评定量表的自我照顾能力评分高于非共患组［（43.21±5.93）分比（48.33±5.78）分、（9.66±4.70）分比（7.35±4.50）分］，差异均有统计学意义（t=3.647、-2.096，均P<0.05）。结论　孤独症谱系障碍共患遗尿症儿童前庭觉失调较严重，自我照顾能力欠佳，感觉统合训练结合生活技能干预或可改善预后。

关键词:

孤独症谱系障碍, 遗尿症, 感觉统合, 孤独症行为评定量表, 儿童

Huang Jiahui, Li Shuidi, Zhou Dalong, Zeng Liuyuan, Huang Wenmin, Zhang Yina, Zhang Pengcheng.

Analysis of sensory integration ability and behavior in children with autism spectrum disorder with enuresis [J]. International Medicine and Health Guidance News, 2025, 31(11): 1835-1838.

黄嘉慧李水帝周达龙曾柳苑黄文敏张怡娜张鹏程. 孤独症谱系障碍共患遗尿症儿童感觉统合能力及行为分析 [J]. 国际医药卫生导报, 2025, 31(11): 1835-1838.

References

[1]American Psychoeducation Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorder(DSM-5)[M]. Washington DC: American Psychiatric Publisher,2013:50-53.

[2]李廷玉.提高儿科医师对孤独症谱系障碍的识别和管理能力[J].中华儿科杂志,2017,55(12):881-883. DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1310.2017.12.001.

[3]随广红,孙凌.儿童孤独症谱系障碍治疗的研究进展[J].中国妇幼保健,2020,35(11):2148-2150. DOI:10.19829/j.zgfybj.issn.1001-4411.2020.11.060.

[4]李改智,王文强.孤独谱系障碍患儿的感觉特征[J].神经疾病与精神卫生,2016,16(1):21-23. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1009-6574.2016.01.006.

[5]Austin PF, Bauer SB, Bower W, et al. The standardization of terminology of lower urinary tract function in children and adolescents: update report from the Standardization Committee of the International Children's Continence Society[J]. J Urol, 2014, 191(6): 1863-1865, e13. DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2014.01.110.

[6]王仲易,杜可,李晨,等.中医儿科临床诊疗指南·小儿遗尿症(修订)[J].中医儿科杂志,2018,14(1):4-8. DOI:10.16840/j.issn1673-4297.2018.01.02.

[7]Taira M, Takase M, Sasaki H. Sleep disorder in children with autism[J]. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci, 1998, 52(2):182-183. DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1819.1998.tb01018.x.

[8]Schulpen TW. The burden of nocturnal enuresis[J]. Acta Paediatr, 1997, 86(9):981-984. DOI: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1997.tb15183.x.

[9]田玉红,程环.遗尿症儿童感觉统合能力的研究[J].中国当代儿科杂志,2008,10(5):611-613.

[10]美国精神医学学会.孤独症谱系障碍//精神疾病诊断与统计手册[M].5版.北京:北京大学出版社,2015:22-25.

[11]黄悦勤,王玉凤.感觉统合评定量表在3～6岁儿童中的试测[J].中国心理卫生杂志,1997(5):14-16.

[12]高迪,于婷,李春丽,等.早期介入丹佛模式的密集训练结合家长培训对孤独症谱系障碍儿童疗效及其对父母育儿压力的影响[J].中国当代儿科杂志,2020,22(2):158-163. DOI:10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2020.02.014.

[13]Harari MD, Moulden A. Nocturnal enuresis: what is happening? [J]. J Paediatr Child Health, 2000, 36(1): 78-81. DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1754.2000.00458.x.

[14]Pedersen MJ, Rittig S, Jennum PJ, et al. The role of sleep in the pathophysiology of nocturnal enuresis[J]. Sleep Med Rev, 2020, 49:101228. DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2019.101228.

[15]张浩强,方岩,吕行,等.旋转运动刺激前庭感受器激活室旁核神经元活动的形态学证明[J].解剖学报,2015,46(6):737-741. DOI:10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2015.06.003.

[16]吕麟亚,李旭良,林涛,等.原发性夜间遗尿症神经电生理研究及其临床意义[J].中华小儿外科杂志,2006,27(9):468-471. DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-3006.2006.09.006.

[17]Lee SD, Sohn DW, Lee JZ, et al. An epidemiological study of enuresis in Korean children[J]. BJU Int, 2000, 85(7): 869-873. DOI: 10.1046/j.1464-410x.2000.00617.x.

[18]Fockema MW, Candy GP, Kruger D, et al. Enuresis in South African children: prevalence, associated factors and parental perception of treatment[J]. BJU Int, 2012, 110(11 Pt C):E1114-E1120. DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2012.11416.x.

[19]Bower WF, Moore KH, Shepherd RB, et al. The epidemiology of childhood enuresis in Australia[J]. Br J Urol, 1996, 78(4):602-606. DOI: 10.1046/j.1464-410x.1996.13618.x.

[20]Vande Walle J, Rittig S, Bauer S, et al. Practical consensus guidelines for the management of enuresis[J]. Eur J Pediatr, 2012, 171(6):971-983. DOI: 10.1007/s00431-012-1687-7.