Abstract:

Objective　To investigate the current situation and influencing factors of self-compassion in patients recovering from moderate to severe burns. Methods　A total of 286 cases of moderate and severe burns during the convalescent admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanyang Medical College from January 2020 to December 2022 were selected as the study objects by the convenient sampling method, including 159 males and 127 females, aged 18-60 years. General information questionnaire, Self-Compassion Scale (SCS), Experiences in Close Relationship Scale-Short Form (ECR-S), and Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) were used to investigate. Independent sample t test, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression analysis were used. Results　The scores of self-compassion, attachment anxiety, attachment avoidance, and social support were (61.25±10.52), (76.14±5.59), (69.02±5.43), and (35.29±5.29) points in the 286 patients recovering from moderate to severe burns. The scores of attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance were negatively correlated with the score of self-compassion (r=-0.316 and -0.332, both P<0.05), while the score of social support was positively correlated with the score of self-compassion (r=0.325, P<0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that marital status, family per capita monthly income, educational background, daily living ability, attachment anxiety, attachment avoidance, and social support were the main factors affecting self-compassion (all P<0.05), accounting for 33.2% of the total variation. Conclusions　The self-compassion in patients with moderate and severe burns in the convalescent period is generally at a moderate and low level. Medical staff should attach importance to the assessment of patients' self-compassion ability, and formulate targeted interventions based on self-compassion building factors and influencing factors, so as to effectively meet the patients' individual health needs, improve their daily life ability, improve their self-compassion level, and ultimately improve their mental health level and promote the prognosis.

Key words:

Burns, Self-compassion, Adult attachment, Social support

摘要：

目的　探讨中重度烧伤康复期患者自我同情现状及其影响因素。方法　采用便利抽样法，选取南阳医学高等专科学校第一附属医院2020年1月至2022年12月收治的286例中重度烧伤康复期患者为研究对象，男性159例，女性127例，年龄18～60岁；采用一般资料调查问卷、自我同情量表（SCS）、成人依恋类型评定量表（ECR-S）、社会支持评定量表（SSRS）进行调查。采用独立样本t检验、单因素方差分析、Pearson相关性分析和多元线性回归分析。结果　286例中重度烧伤康复期患者自我同情得分为（61.25±10.52）分，依恋焦虑得分为（76.14±5.59）分，依恋回避得分为（69.02±5.43）分、社会支持得分为（35.29±5.29）分；依恋焦虑得分、依恋回避得分与自我同情得分均呈负相关（r=-0.316、-0.332，均P<0.05），社会支持得分与自我同情得分呈正相关（r=0.325，P<0.05）。多元线性回归分析显示，婚姻状况、家庭人均月收入、学历、日常生活能力、依恋焦虑、依恋回避、社会支持均是影响自我同情的主要因素（均P<0.05），共解释33.2%的总变异。结论　中重度烧伤康复期患者自我同情总体处于中等偏低水平。医务人员应重视对患者自我同情能力的评估，以自我同情构建因子及影响因素为切入点，制定针对性方案进行干预，有效满足患者个性化健康需求，提升日常生活能力，提高自我同情水平，最终改善其心理健康水平，促进预后。

关键词:

烧伤, 自我同情, 成人依恋, 社会支持