Abstract:

Objective　To explore the effect of parental participatory nursing on the psychological resilience and caring ability in parents of premature infants in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Methods　It was a randomized controlled trial. A total of 84 premature infants admitted to NICU of Henan Children's Hospital from January 2020 to December 2021 were divided into two groups by the random number table method, with 42 cases in each group. There were 23 males and 19 females in the control group, with a gestational age of (34.21±1.74) weeks. There were 25 males and 17 females in the observation group, with a gestational age of (33.71±2.26) weeks. At the same time, the 168 parents of preterm infants were divided into a control group [84 cases, mothers aged (29.64±5.75) years, fathers aged (31.02±3.39) years] and an observation group [84 cases, mothers aged (28.29±6.73) years, fathers aged (30.64±5.52) years]. The control group was given routine nursing intervention measures, and the observation group was given parental participatory nursing. The growth and development indicators (body mass, body length, and head circumference) of the two groups were compared at admission and one month after discharge. The caring ability and psychological resilience of the parents of the two groups were evaluated at admission and discharge. χ² test and t test were used for analysis. Results　One month after discharge, the premature infants' body length [(60.69±1.73) cm], head circumference [(43.43±1.73) cm], and body weight [(6.53±0.34) kg] of the observation group were higher than those of the control group [(54.39±1.99) cm, (39.99±1.97) cm, and (5.81±0.33) kg], with statistically significant differences (t=15.450, 8.490, and 9.866; all P<0.001). At discharge, the scores of parental caring knowledge [(31.48±2.86) points], skills [(30.64±2.62) points], and ability [(16.83±1.97) points] in the observation group were higher than those in the control group [(29.32±1.19) points, (25.38±3.92) points, and (13.67±2.15) points], with statistically significant differences (t=6.372, 10.217, and 9.963; all P<0.001). At discharge, the scores of tenacity [(40.12±2.32) points], self-improvement [(21.29±2.15) points], and optimism [(11.68±1.50) points] and total score [(73.15±6.35) points] in the parents of preterm infants of the observation group were higher than those of the control group [(34.56±1.97) points, (18.31±3.44) points, (8.24±1.56) points, and (61.24±2.96) points], with statistically significant differences (t=16.713, 6.726, 14.518, and 15.589; all P<0.001). Conclusion　Parental participatory nursing can effectively promote the premature infants' growth and development, and is beneficial to improving the psychological resilience and caring ability of premature infants' parents.

Key words:

Premature infants, Neonatal intensive care unit, Parental participatory care, Psychological resilience, Caring ability

摘要：

目的　探讨父母参与式护理对新生儿重症监护室（NICU）早产儿父母心理韧性及照顾能力的影响。方法　本研究为随机对照试验，选取2020年1月至2021年12月河南省儿童医院NICU收治的84例早产儿为研究对象，随机数字表法分为对照组42例［男23例、女19例，胎龄（34.21±1.74）周］及观察组42例［男25例、17例，胎龄（33.71±2.26）周］。同时将早产儿父母（168例）分为对照组84例［母亲年龄（29.64±5.75）岁，父亲年龄（31.02±3.39）岁］及观察组84例［母亲年龄（28.29±6.73）岁，父亲年龄（30.64±5.52）岁］。对照组给予常规护理干预措施，观察组采用父母参与式护理。对比两组早产儿入院时、出院1个月后生长发育指标（体质量、身长、头围）情况，对两组早产儿父母入院时、出院时的照护能力和心理韧性水平进行评估。采用t检验、χ²检验。结果　出院1个月后，观察组早产儿身长［（60.69±1.73）cm］、头围［（43.43±1.73）cm］、体质量［（6.53±0.34）kg］均高于对照组［（54.39±1.99）cm、（39.99±1.97）cm、（5.81±0.33）kg］，差异均有统计学意义（t=15.450、8.490、9.866，均P<0.001）。出院时，观察组早产儿父母照护知识［（31.48±2.86）分］、照护技术［（30.64±2.62）分］、照护能力评分［（16.83±1.97）分］均高于对照组［（29.32±1.19）分、（25.38±3.92）分、（13.67±2.15）分］，差异均有统计学意义（t=6.372、10.217、9.963，均P<0.001）。出院时，观察组早产儿父母坚韧［（40.12±2.32）分］、自强［（21.29±2.15）分］、乐观评分［（11.68±1.50）分］及总分［（73.15±6.35）分］均高于对照组［（34.56±1.97）分、（18.31±3.44）分、（8.24±1.56）分、（61.24±2.96）分］，差异均有统计学意义（t=16.713、6.726、14.518、15.589，均P<0.001）。结论　父母参与式护理能有效促进早产儿生长发育，且有利于提高早产儿父母的心理韧性和照顾能力。

关键词:

早产儿, 新生儿重症监护室, 父母参与式护理, 心理韧性, 照顾能力