Abstract:

Objective　To study the effect of nifuratel + lactic acid bacteria capsules in the treatment of elderly patients with bacterial vaginosis. Methods　This was a prospective study. Eighty-three elderly patients with bacterial vaginosis treated at Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Nanyang Medical College from June 2019 to January 2022 were selected and were divided into a control group (41 cases) and an observation group (42 cases) by the random number table method. The control group were (73.22±2.16) years old. The observation group were (73.15±2.28) years old. The control group were treated with nifurtel, and the observation group with lactic acid bacteria capsules and nifurtel. The symptom improvement, vaginal microecological environment indicators and scores, and adverse reactions in the two groups were observed and compared. χ² and t tests were applied. When P<0.05, there is a statistical difference. Results　After the treatment, the pain improvement time, itch relief time, mucosal congestion relief time, and remission time of abnormal leucorrhea in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group [(2.14±0.35) d vs. (3.47±0.25) d, (1.19±0.36) d vs. (2.82±0.41) d, (1.33±0.24) d vs. (2.25±0.64) d, and (2.05±0.31) d vs. (3.77±0.82) d], with statistical differences between these two groups (t=19.879, 19.259, 8.711, and 12.698; all P<0.001). After the treatment, the H₂O₂ and leukocyte esterase (LE) and Nugent scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group [(3.76±0.32)% vs. (4.37±0.18)%, (1.17±0.26) vs. (2.32±0.41), and (3.13±0.25) vs. (4.22±0.82)], with statistical differences between these two groups (t=10.668, 15.299, and 8.233; all P<0.001). The proportions of the patients with grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ vaginal cleanliness and grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ vaginal flora diversity in the observation group were higher than those in the control group [83.33%(35/42) vs. 56.10%(23/41) and 90.48% (38/42) vs. 60.98% (25/41)], with statistical differences between these two groups (χ²=7.312 and 9.872; both P<0.001). The recurrence rate in the observation group was lower than that in the control group [2.38% (1/42) vs. 9.76% (4/41)], with a statistical difference between these two groups (χ²=4.776, P=0.029). There was no statistical difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between these two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion　Nifuratel + lactic acid bacteria capsules for elderly patients with bacterial vaginosis can speed up their recovery, improve their vaginal microecological environment, and avoid recurrence, and does not significantly increase the adverse drug reactions, with high safety.

Key words:

Vaginal microecological environment, Elderly patients with bacterial vaginosis, Lactic acid bacteria capsules, Nifuratel

摘要：

目的　对乳酸菌胶囊+硝呋太尔治疗细菌性阴道炎老年患者的效果进行研究探讨。方法　本研究为前瞻性研究，选取2019年6月至2022年1月于南阳医学高等专科学校附属中医院治疗的细菌性阴道炎老年患者83例，随机数字表法分为对照组与观察组。对照组41例，年龄（73.22±2.16）岁，予以硝呋太尔治疗；观察组42例，年龄（73.15±2.28）岁，予以乳酸菌胶囊+硝呋太尔治疗。观察并比较两组患者症状改善、阴道微生态相关指标及评分、用药后的不良事件情况。采用χ²、t检验进行统计分析，P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果　治疗后，观察组患者的疼痛改善时间为（2.14±0.35）d、瘙痒缓解时间为（1.19±0.36）d、黏膜充血缓解时间为（1.33±0.24）d、白带异常缓解时间为（2.05±0.31）d，均短于对照组［（3.47±0.25）d、（2.82±0.41）d、（2.25±0.64）d、（3.77±0.82）d］，两组比较，差异均有统计学意义（t=19.879、19.259、8.711、12.698，均P<0.001）。治疗后，观察组患者过氧化氢（H₂O₂）为（3.76±0.32）%、白细胞酯酶（LE）为（1.17±0.26）分、Nugent评分为（3.13±0.25）分，均低于对照组［（4.37±0.18）%、（2.32±0.41）分、（4.22±0.82）分］，两组比较，差异均有统计学意义（t=10.668、15.299、8.233，均P<0.001）。观察组患者阴道清洁度Ⅰ～Ⅱ级占比83.33%（35/42），阴道菌群多样性Ⅰ～Ⅱ级占比90.48%（38/42），均高于对照组［56.10%（293/41）、60.98%（25/41）］，两组比较，差异均有统计学意义（χ²=7.312、9.872，均P<0.001）。观察组的复发率为2.38%（1/42），低于对照组的9.76%（4/41），两组比较，差异有统计学意义（χ²=4.776，P=0.029）；两组不良事件发生率比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论　乳酸菌胶囊+硝呋太尔可加快患者恢复进程，对改善其阴道微生态环境、避免病情复发均有积极意义，且二者合用未明显增加药物不良反应，安全性高。

关键词:

阴道微生态, 老年细菌性阴道炎, 乳酸菌胶囊, 硝呋太尔