Abstract: Objective　To observe the effect of Paishi decoction as an adjuvant therapy for patients with renal calculi after surgery. Methods　A total of 110 patients with renal calculi who received surgical treatment in The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanyang Medical College from April 2021 to April 2022 were selected as the study subjects, and were divided into a control group and a study group by the lottery. In the control group, 30 males and 25 females, aged (55.23±2.26) years, were given conventional western medicine to assist stone removal after surgery; in the study group, 32 males and 23 females, aged (55.19±2.47) years, were treated with oral Paishi decoction. The residual stone removal time, stone removal time, renal function indexes, inflammatory factor indexes, and postoperative complications of the two groups were compared. Independent sample t test and χ² test were used. Results　The residual stone removal time and stone removal time of the study group were (4.14±0.23) d and (7.05±0.16) d, which were shorter than those of the control group [(5.95±0.56) d and (8.82±0.72) d], and the stone clearance rate was 92.73% (51/55), which was higher than that of the control group [81.82% (45/55)], with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05). The levels of serum creatinine (SCr), serum urea nitrogen (BUN), serum uric acid (UA), interleukin-6 (IL-6), procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the study group were (72.35±5.18) μmol/L, (4.17±0.25) mmol/L, (271.45±10.36) μmol/L, (125.45±5.28) ng/L, (0.32±0.11) μg/L, (7.13±0.25) mg/L, and (1.22±0.35) μg/L, which were lower than those in the control group [(77.44±5.84) μmol/L, (5.88±0.62) mmol/L, (299.71±10.49) μmol/L, (140.36±5.37) ng/L, (0.67±0.36) μg/L, (9.44±0.37) mg/L, and (2.71±0.26) μg/L], the glomerular filtration rate (EGFR) was (92.24±5.15) ml/min, which was higher than that in the control group [(83.14±5.26) ml/min], with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05). The incidence of postoperative complications in the study group was 9.09% (5/55), which was lower than 20.00% (11/55) in the control group, with a statistically significant difference (P<0.05). Conclusions　In patients with renal calculi after surgery, the assistance of corresponding drugs can promote the removal of residual stones. Compared with western medicine, Paishi decoction has a positive significance in accelerating the removal of stones in patients, enhancing the renal function, and relieving the inflammatory reaction. Paishi decoction has a good effect of promoting stone removal, can avoid the postoperative complications, and can better meet patients' clinical needs.

Key words: 肾结石, 术后排石, 排石汤, 炎症因子, 肾功能

摘要： 目的　观察肾结石手术患者术后应用排石汤辅助治疗的效果。方法　以南阳医学高等专科学校第一附属医院2021年4月至2022年4月期间接受手术治疗的110例肾结石患者为研究对象，经抽签法将其分为对照组和研究组，各55例。对照组男30例、女25例，年龄（55.23±2.26）岁，术后予以常规西药辅助排石；研究组男32例、女23例，年龄（55.19±2.47）岁，术后予以口服排石汤辅助治疗。比较两组的残留结石排出时间、结石清除时间、肾功能指标、炎症因子指标及术后并发症发生情况。采用独立样本t检验、χ²检验。结果　研究组残留结石排出时间、结石清除时间分别为（4.14±0.23）d、（7.05±0.16）d，均短于对照组的（5.95±0.56）d、（8.82±0.72）d，结石清除率为92.73%（51/55），高于对照组的81.82%（45/55），差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。研究组血清肌酐（SCr）、血清尿素氮（BUN）、血清尿酸（UA）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）、降钙素原（PCT）、C-反应蛋白（CRP）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）水平分别为（72.35±5.18）μmol/L、（4.17±0.25）mmol/L、（271.45±10.36）μmol/L、（125.45±5.28）ng/L、（0.32±0.11）μg/L、（7.13±0.25）mg/L、（1.22±0.35）μg/L，均低于对照组的（77.44±5.84）μmol/L、（5.88±0.62）mmol/L、（299.71±10.49）μmol/L、（140.36±5.37）ng/L、（0.67±0.36）μg/L、（9.44±0.37）mg/L、（2.71±0.26）μg/L，肾小球滤过率（EGFR）为（92.24±5.15）ml/min，高于对照组的（83.14±5.26）ml/min，差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。研究组术后并发症发生率为9.09%（5/55），低于对照组20.00%（11/55），差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论　在肾结石患者术后通过相应药物辅助可促进残留结石排出，相较于西药来说，中药排石汤对加快患者结石排出、清除，增强肾功能并缓解炎性反应均有积极意义，排石汤的促排石效果好，可避免患者术后发生相关并发症，可更好适应患者临床需求。

关键词: 肾结石, 术后排石, 排石汤, 炎症因子, 肾功能