Abstract: Objective　To understand the relationship between vitamin D status and anemia in infants in Guangzhou, and to provide measures for the prevention of vitamin D deficiency and references for the prevention of anemia in infants. Methods　A cross-sectional analysis was used to investigated 8 530 infants who were 3-36 months old and took physical examination at Guangdong Woman and Children's Health Hospital in 2018, including 4 935 boys and 3 595 girls. Their blood samples were collected for the detection of 25-hydroxy vitamin D and hemoglobin. t test, χ² test, χ²_trend test, and Pearson correlation analysis were applied. Results　The level of 25-hydroxy vitamin D was (81.05±25.41) nmol/L in the infants. There was no statistical difference in the level of 25-hydroxy vitamin D between the boys and the girls (P>0.05). The incidences of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency were 7.68% (655/8 530) and 37.47% (3 196/8 530). There was no statistical difference in vitamin D status between the boys and the girls (P>0.05). As the infants was elder, the serum level of 25-hydroxy vitamin D was lower (P<0.05), and the incidences of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency were higher (χ²_trend=143.200, P<0.001). The level of hemoglobin was (118.68±10.30)g/L in the infants. There were no statistical differences in the level of hemoglobin and the detection rate of anemia between the boys and the girls (both P>0.05). As the infants were elder, the level of hemoglobin was higher and the detection rate of anemia was lower (χ²_trend=446.532, P<0.001). The levels of hemoglobin in the vitamin D deficiency group and the vitamin D insufficiency group were lower than that in the vitamin D sufficiency group (P<0.05). The incidences of anemia in the vitamin D deficiency group and the vitamin D insufficiency group were higher than that in the vitamin D sufficiency group (P<0.05). The level of 25-hydroxy vitamin D was positively correlated with the hemoglobin level in the infants (r=0.149,P<0.001). Conclusions　The incidence of vitamin D insufficiency is high in 6-36 months old children in Guangzhou. The level of 25-hydroxy vitamin D is positively associated with hemoglobin in infants. Vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency may be associated with anemia in infants. Comprehensive measures should be taken to improve the vitamin D status and anemia of infants.

Key words: Vitamin D, Anemia, Infants, 25-hydroxy vitamin D

摘要： 目的　了解广州地区婴幼儿维生素D营养状况及贫血状况，探讨维生素D营养状况与贫血的关系，为婴幼儿维生素D缺乏性疾病防治提供科学依据，为婴幼儿贫血预防提供参考。方法　采用现况研究，调查2018年于广东省妇幼保健院健康体检的婴幼儿8 530名（男4 935名，女3 595名，3～36月龄），采集血样，检测25-羟维生素D［25-hydroxy vitamin D，25（OH）D］和血红蛋白水平。采用t检验、χ²检验、χ²_趋势检验，相关性采用Pearson相关分析。结果　婴幼儿血清25（OH）D水平为（81.05±25.41）nmol/L，不同性别婴幼儿的25（OH）D水平差异无统计学意义；婴幼儿维生素D缺乏率为7.68%（655/8 530）、不足率为37.47%（3 196/8 530），不同性别维生素D营养状况差异无统计学意义。婴幼儿血清25（OH）D水平随月龄增长呈下降趋势，维生素D缺乏率及不足率随月龄的增长而升高（χ²_趋势=143.200，P<0.001）。婴幼儿血红蛋白水平为（118.68±10.30）g/L，不同性别血红蛋白水平差异无统计学意义；不同性别婴幼儿贫血检出率差异也无统计学意义。婴幼儿血红蛋白水平随月龄增长呈上升趋势，贫血检出率随月龄增长而降低（χ²_趋势=446.532，P<0.001）。婴幼儿维生素D缺乏组或不足组血红蛋白水平均低于维生素D充足组，维生素D缺乏组或不足组贫血检出率均高于维生素D充足组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。血清25（OH）D水平与血红蛋白水平呈正相关（r=0.149，P<0.001）。结论　广州地区6～36月龄婴幼儿维生素D不足率较高，血清25（OH）D与血红蛋白水平呈正相关，维生素D缺乏或不足可能与贫血有关，应采取合理措施改善婴幼儿维生素D营养状况，减少贫血发生，促进婴幼儿的健康成长。

关键词: 维生素D, 贫血, 婴幼儿, 25-羟维生素D