Abstract:

Objective　To study the effect of clinical nursing pathway combined with health education in patients with nontuberculosis mycobacterium (NTM) lung disease complicated with bronchiectasis. Methods　A total of 206 patients with NTM lung disease and bronchiectasis admitted to Guangzhou Chest Hospital from January to December 2022 were selected and were divided into an experimental group (105 cases) and a control group (101 cases) according to the principle of balanced and comparable basic characteristics between groups. In the experimental group, there were 32 males and 73 females, aged (60.20±9.06) years. In the control group, there were 38 males and 63 females, aged (63.18±10.96) years. The control group received routine nursing, and the experimental group received NTM lung disease clinical nursing pathway combined with health education on the basis of routine nursing, until the patients were discharged. The knowledge about NTM lung disease complicated with bronchiectasis, including disease knowledge, medication knowledge, diet, and sputum excretion, was investigated by questionnaire in the experimental group and the control group. The awareness rates of disease knowledge, medication knowledge, diet, and sputum excretion, length of hospital stay, and satisfaction of health education  were compared between the two groups. χ² test and independent sample t test were used. Results　The awareness rates of disease knowledge, medication knowledge, diet, and sputum excretion in the experimental group were (93.29±7.72)%, (86.27±5.26)%, (86.56±8.09)%, and (83.82±6.23)%, which were higher than those in the control group [(85.59±9.91)%, (81.34±5.19)%, (82.87±8.10)%, and (80.59±7.12)%]; the length of hospital stay of the experimental group was (15.97±5.45) d, which was shorter than that of the control group [(17.95±5.98) d], and the satisfaction score was (4.39±0.83) points, which was higher than that of the control group [(4.10±0.17) points], with statistically significant differences between the two groups (all P<0.05). Conclusion　In the patients with NTM lung disease complicated with bronchiectasis, the use of NTM lung disease clinical nursing pathway combined with health education can effectively increase the patients' grasp of health knowledge, and improve the nursing satisfaction, thus promote the rehabilitation of the disease and shorten the length of hospital stay.

Key words:

Non-tuberculosis mycobacterium lung disease, Bronchiectasis, Clinical nursing pathway, Health education

摘要：

目的　探讨临床护理路径联合健康教育在非结核分枝杆菌（NTM）肺病合并支气管扩张患者中的护理效果。方法　选取2022年1月至12月入住广州市胸科医院的206例NTM肺病合并支气管扩张患者，按照组间基本特征均衡可比的原则分为试验组（105例）与对照组（101例）。试验组男32例，女73例，年龄（60.20±9.06）岁。对照组男38例，女63例，年龄（63.18±10.96）岁。对照组实施常规护理，试验组在常规护理基础上实施NTM肺病临床护理路径联合健康教育，持续至患者出院。以问卷形式调查试验组、对照组患者关于NTM肺病合并支气管扩张相关知识的知晓情况，包括疾病知识、用药知识、饮食、排痰。对比两组疾病知识、用药知识、饮食、排痰的知晓情况，住院时间，健康教育满意度。采用χ²检验、独立样本t检验。结果　试验组疾病知识、用药知识、饮食、排痰知晓率分别为（93.29±7.72）%、（86.27±5.26）%、（86.56±8.09）%、（83.82±6.23）%，高于对照组的（85.59±9.91）%、（81.34±5.19）%、（82.87±8.10）%、（80.59±7.12）%；试验组住院时间为（15.97±5.45）d，短于对照组（17.95±5.98）d，满意度评分为（4.39±0.83）分，高于对照组（4.10±0.17）分，两组差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。结论　对NTM肺病合并支气管扩张患者使用NTM肺病临床护理路径联合健康教育，可有效加强患者对健康知识的掌握，提高护理满意度，从而促进病情康复，缩短住院时间。

关键词:

非结核分枝杆菌肺病, 支气管扩张, 临床护理路径, 健康教育