Abstract:

Objective　To analyze the effect of traditional Chinese medicine fumigation combined with moxibustion after surgery for patients with mixed hemorrhoids. Methods　Sixty-eight patients with mixed hemorrhoids who underwent surgical treatment in Second Hospital, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2022 to May 2023 were selected for the randomized controlled trial, and were divided into a control group and an observation group by the random number table method, with 34 cases in each group. There were 18 males and 16 females in the observation group; they were (42.01±6.19) years old; their disease course was (3.28±1.13) years; their body weight was (60.29±6.32) kg. There were 20 males and 14 females in the control group; they were (45.05±6.14) years old; their disease course was (3.35±1.05) years; their body weight was (60.31±6.21) kg. The control group received routine nursing care; in addition, the observation group received traditional Chinese medicine fumigation and moxibustion; both groups received continuous intervention for 7 d. The postoperative recovery, anal edema degrees, anal pain degrees [Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)], quality of life [Generic Quality of Life Inventory (GQOLI-74)], incidences of complications, and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups. t and χ² tests were used. Results　The times for the disappearance of swollen anus and secretion and wound-healed time in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group [(4.73±0.53) d vs. (5.68±0.85) d, (6.02±1.25) d vs. (7.89±1.54) d, and (14.58±2.68) d vs. (17.89±2.62) d; t=5.530, 5.497, and 5.150; all P<0.001]. After the intervention, the scores of anal edema and VAS in the observation group were lower than those in the control group [(1.23 ±0.15) vs. (1.62 ±0.16) and (2.16±0.28) vs. (2.69±0.46); t=10.369 and 5.739; both P<0.001]. After the intervention, the scores of body function, psychological function, social function, and material life in the observation group were lower than those in the control group [(83.23 ±2.15) vs. (78.62 ±2.16), (84.16±2.28) vs. (79.69±2.46), (84.16±2.46) vs. (78.69±2.53), and (84.16±2.98) vs. (78.69±2.52); t=8.820, 7.771, 9.039, and 8.173; all P<0.001]. The total incidence of complications in the observation group was lower than that in the control group [5.88% (2/34) vs. 29.41% (10/34); χ²=6.476; P<0.05]. The scores of nurse-patient communication, operation level, ward environment, and patients' feeling in the observation group were higher than those in the control group [(21.86±3.21) vs. (17.77±2.35), (21.56±2.36) vs. (18.33±2.38), (22.65±2.45) vs. (20.73±2.36), and (22.12±2.32) vs. (19.73±2.38); t=5.995, 5.619, 3.291, and 4.193; all P<0.001]. Conclusion　Traditional Chinese medicine fumigation combined with moxibustion after surgery for patients with mixed hemorrhoid can shorten their wound-healed time, reduce their anal edema and pain and the risk of complications, and improve their nursing satisfaction and quality of life.

Key words:

Mixed hemorrhoids, Traditional Chinese medicine fumigation, Moxibustion, Postoperative pain, Wound healing, Quality of life

摘要：

目的　分析混合痔患者术后采用中药熏洗联合艾灸干预的效果。方法　选取2022年1月至2023年5月于江西中医药大学第二附属医院行手术治疗的混合痔患者68例进行随机对照试验。采用随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组，各34例。观察组男18例，女16例，年龄（42.01±6.19）岁，病程（3.28±1.13）年，体质量（60.29±6.32）kg。对照组男20例，女14例，年龄（45.05±6.14）岁，病程（3.35±1.05）年，体质量（60.31±6.21）kg。对照组采用常规护理；在对照组的基础上，观察组采用中药熏洗联合艾灸干预；两组患者均连续干预7 d。比较两组患者术后恢复情况、肛门水肿程度、肛门疼痛程度［采用视觉模拟量表（VAS）］、生活质量［生活质量综合评定问卷（GQOLI-74）］、并发症发生率和护理满意度。采用t检验和χ²检验。结果　观察组肛门坠胀消失时间、分泌物消失时间、创面愈合时间均短于对照组［（4.73±0.53）d比（5.68±0.85）d、（6.02±1.25）d比（7.89±1.54）d、（14.58±2.68）d比（17.89±2.62）d；t=5.530、5.497、5.150，均P<0.001］。观察组干预后肛门水肿、VAS评分均低于对照组［（1.23±0.15）分比（1.62 ±0.16）分、（2.16±0.28）分比（2.69±0.46）分（t=10.369、5.739，均P<0.001］。观察组干预后躯体功能、心理功能、社会功能、物质生活评分均高于对照组［（83.23 ±2.15）分比（78.62 ±2.16）分、（84.16±2.28）分比（79.69±2.46）分、（84.16±2.46）分比（78.69±2.53）分、（84.16±2.98）分比（78.69±2.52）分；t=8.820、7.771、9.039、8.173，均P<0.001］。观察组并发症总发生率低于对照组［5.88%（2/34）比29.41%（10/34）；χ²=6.476，P<0.05］。观察组护患沟通、操作水平、病房环境、患者感受评分均高于对照组［（21.86±3.21）分比（17.77±2.35）分、（21.56±2.36）分比（18.33±2.38）分、（22.65±2.45）分比（20.73±2.36）分、（22.12±2.32）分比（19.73±2.38）分；t=5.995、5.619、3.291、4.193，均P<0.05］。结论　混合痔患者术后采用中药熏洗联合艾灸干预能够缩短创面愈合时间，减轻肛门水肿、疼痛程度，减低并发症发生风险，提高患者护理满意度和生活质量。

关键词:

混合痔, 中药熏洗, 艾灸, 术后疼痛, 创面愈合, 生活质量