Abstract:

Objective　To analyze the efficacy of time-care respiratory training and sputum evacuation management for patients with lung cancer after surgery. Methods　One hundred and twenty patients with lung cancer surgically treated at Xianyang Central Hospital from January 2020 to January 2023 were selected as the observation objects. The 60 patients who took routine care from January 2020 to June 2022 were set as a control group, and the 60 patients who took time-care respiratory training and sputum expectoration management from February 2022 to January 2023 were set as an observation group. In the control group, there were 45 males and 15 females; they were (65.39±6.25) years old; their body mass index (BMI) was (23.54±2.15) kg/m².In the observation group, there were 43 males and 17 females; they were (65.85±5.48) years old; their BMI was (23.68±2.24) kg/m². The 6-minute walking test (6MWT) and Quality of Life Scale for Lung Cancer Patients (QLQ-C30) were used to evaluate their walking ability and quality of life. The pulmonary function indicators and sputum evacuation abilities were compared between the two groups by t and χ² tests. Results　After the intervention, the 6MWT and sputum evacuation volume in the observation group were higher than those in the control group [(5.38±0.59) m vs. (4.96±0.85) m and (52.69±5.12) ml vs. (50.26±5.36) ml]; the cough time in the observation group was shorter than that in the control group [(2.96±0.45) d vs. (3.21±0.56) d]; there were statistical differences (t=3.14, 2.54, and 2.70; all P<0.05). The tidal volume, vital capacity, functional residual capacity, and total lung capacity in the observation group were higher than those in the control group [(0.52±0.08) L vs. (0.48±0.11) L, (3.38±0.31) L vs. (3.21±0.21) L, (2.26±0.26) L vs. (2.15±0.28) L, and (5.21±0.56) L vs. (4.86±0.57) L], with statistical differences (t=2.28, 3.55, 2.23, and 3.39; all P<0.05). The scores of lung cancer questions, body function, emotion function, contact/social function, and functional status in the observation group were higher than those in the control group [(72.59±3.48) vs. (70.48±3.59), (72.58±3.59) vs. (70.58±3.56), (75.63±5.45) vs. (73.58±5.48), (72.59±3.59) vs. (70.59±3.57), and (73.69±2.57) vs. (72.48±2.48)], with statistical differences (t=3.27, 3.06, 2.06, 3.06, and 2.62; all P<0.05). Conclusion　Time-care respiratory training combined with sputum evacuation management for patients with lung cancer after surgery can improve their lung function, walking, sputum evacuation ability, and quality of life.

Key words:

Lung cancer, Time-care, Respiratory training, Sputum evacuation care

摘要：

目的　探讨肺癌术后患者实施时间护理呼吸训练及排痰管理的疗效。方法　该文为回顾性研究。选取咸阳市中心医院2020年1月至2023年1月收治的120例肺癌手术治疗患者为观察对象。2020年1月至2022年6月实施常规护理的60例患者为对照组，2022年2月至2023年1月实施时间护理呼吸训练联合排痰管理的60例患者为观察组。对照组男45例，女15例，年龄（65.39±6.25）岁，体重指数（BMI）为（23.54±2.15）kg/m²。观察组男43例，女17例，年龄（65.85±5.48）岁，BMI为（23.68±2.24）kg/m²。采用六分钟步行试验（6MWT）、肺癌患者生活质量量表（QLQ-C30）分别评价两组患者步行能力及生活质量，对比两组患者肺功能指标、排痰能力。统计学方法采用t检验和χ²检验。结果　干预后，观察组步行能力、排痰量均高于对照组［（5.38±0.59）m比（4.96±0.85）m、（52.69±5.12）ml比（50.26±5.36）ml］，咳嗽时间短于对照组［（2.96±0.45）d比（3.21±0.56）d］，差异均有统计学意义（t=3.14、2.54、2.70，均P<0.05）；观察组潮气量（VT）、肺活量（VC）、功能残气量（FRV）、肺总量（TLC）指标均高于对照组［（0.52±0.08）L比（0.48±0.11）L、（3.38±0.31）L比（3.21±0.21）L、（2.26±0.26）L比（2.15±0.28）L、（5.21±0.56）L比（4.86±0.57）L］，差异均有统计学意义（t=2.28、3.55、2.23、3.39，均P<0.05）；观察组肺癌专属问题、躯体功能、情感功能、社交/社会功能、功能状况均高于对照组［（72.59±3.48）分比（70.48±3.59）分、（72.58±3.59）分比（70.58±3.56）分、（75.63±5.45）分比（73.58±5.48）分、（72.59±3.59）分比（70.59±3.57）分、（73.69±2.57）分比（72.48±2.48）分］，差异均有统计学意义（t=3.27、3.06、2.06、3.06、2.62，均P<0.05）。结论　时间呼吸训练联合排痰护理应用于肺癌术后患者中，能提升患者肺功能与步行能力，促进患者排痰能力，整体提高患者生活质量。

关键词:

肺癌, 时间护理, 呼吸训练, 排痰护理