Abstract:

Objective　To investigate the current situation of palliative nursing cognition and hospice care attitude of undergraduate nursing interns in Guangzhou, and to provide references for the teaching and training of undergraduate nursing students. Methods　Two hundred and five undergraduate nursing interns from Second Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, First Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, and First Hospital, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University in Guangzhou were selected by the convenient sampling for the investigation, including 82 males and 123 females. There were 75 ones <22 years old, 117 ones 22-23 years old, and 13 ones >23 years old. The questionnaire included general demographic data (gender, age, student origin, feeling for patients taking hospice care, understanding of palliative care and hospice care, understanding of nursing for patients taking hospice care, and attitude to the patients' family members), The Chinese version of Palliative Care Knowledge Questionnaire (PCQN), and Chinese version of Fromelt End-of-Life Care Attitude Scale (FATCOD-B). t test, analysis of variance, and Pearson correlation analysis were used. Results　Among the 205 collected questionnaires, 62.0% (127/205) interns were from urban areas, and 38.0% (78/205) from countryside; 53.2% (109/205) were not from one-child families, and 46.8% (96/205) from one-child families; 60.5% (124/205) did not choose nursing by their own will; 55.1% (113/205) did not know palliative care, and only 44.9% (92/205) knew; 63.4% (130/205) did not know the differences between palliative care and hospice care; 43.4% (89/205) knew the connotation of palliative care; 42.0% (86/205) took care of end-of-life patients or their family members in practice or life ever; 52.7% (108/205) did not take care of end-of-life patients in their internship; only 39.5% (81/205) talked about death with the patients or their family members. The scores of palliative care cognition and hospice care attitude in the 205 interns were (36.62±3.98) and (99.38±8.93), respectively. There was a positive correlation between palliative care cognition and hospice care attitude (r=0.282, P<0.01). Conclusions　Undergraduate nursing interns' knowledge about palliative care and clinical care should be improved. College teachers should pay attention to the cultivation and training of nursing students' professional knowledge and skills in these two aspects, and carry out the theoretical study and curriculum practice of relevant knowledge in undergraduate study.

Key words:

Hospice care, Palliative care, Nursing, Undergraduate, Interns

摘要：

目的　调查广州市护理专业本科实习生的姑息护理认知与临终关怀态度现状并进行相关分析，为本科护理学生教学培训提供参考依据。方法　于2021年6月至2022年4月对广州市3所三甲医院（广州医科大学附属第二医院、广州医科大学附属第一医院、广东药科大学附属第一医院）205名护理专业本科实习生进行便利抽样调查，其中男82例、女123例，年龄<22岁75例、22～23岁117例、>23岁13例。问卷内容包括一般人口学资料（性别、年龄、生源地、对照顾临终患者的感受、对姑息护理和临终关怀的理解、对临终患者护理的了解以及对其家属的态度）、中文版姑息护理知识问卷（PCQN）和中文版佛罗梅尔特临终关怀态度量表（FATCOD-B）。统计学方法采用t检验、方差分析、Pearson相关分析。结果　本次调查研究回收的205份有效问卷中，实习生生源地来自城市62.0%（127/205），而来自农村仅38.0%（78/205）；非独生子女53.2%（109/205），独生子女46.8%（96/205）；护理专业不是自己自愿专业60.5%（124/205）；护生中有55.1%（113/205）不了解姑息护理这一理念，仅有44.9%（92/205）知道姑息护理；63.4%（130/205）的护生不了解姑息护理和临终关怀的区别；43.4%（89/205）的护生表示了解姑息护理的内涵；有42.0%（86/205）在以往的实习和生活中照顾过终末期不可治愈的患者或者家属；52.7%（108/205）的护生在医院实习过程中没有护理过临终患者；而实习生在患者或者家属面前公开讨论死亡这个话题的仅有39.5%（81/205）。205名护理专业本科实习生姑息护理认知得分为（36.62±3.98）分，临终关怀态度得分为（99.38±8.93）分；姑息护理认知与临终关怀态度呈正相关（r=0.282，P<0.01）。结论　护理本科实习生对姑息护理和临终关怀的认知仍有待提高，高校教师应注重护生对这两方面专业知识和专业技能的培养及训练，在本科学习中开展相关知识的理论学习和课程实践。

关键词:

临终关怀, 姑息护理, 护理专业, 本科, 实习生