Abstract:

Objective　To analyze the current situation and correlation of occupational stress and burnout in workers from an aluminum enterprise in Foshan, and to provide evidences for mental health intervention measures for occupational population. Methods　The cluster sampling method was used to investigate the occupational stress (Effort-Reward Imbalance Model, ERI) and job burnout (Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey, MBI-GS) of the on-the-job workers in an aluminum enterprise in Foshan in 2020. Among them, 75.07% (274/365) were males and 24.93%(91/365) were females; 19.73% (72/365) were <30 years old, 36.99% (135/365) were 30-40 years old, and 43.29% (158/365) were ≥40 years old. The SPSS 20.0 software was used to analyze the status and influencing factors of occupational stress and burnout of the aluminum enterprise workers. χ² test was used for the comparison between the groups. The influencing factors were analyzed by multiple logistic regression. The correlation between occupational stress and occupational burnout was analyzed. Results　The detection rate of high occupational stress in the aluminum enterprise workers was 54.79% (200/365). The detection rate of high occupational stress in the workers with less than 10 working hours per day was higher than those in other groups (χ²=6.923, P<0.05). The detection rate of occupational burnout was 54.79% (200/365); the detection rate of occupational burnout was higher in the workers with college education and above (χ²=9.770, P<0.05). The occupational stress was related to occupational burnout (r=0.169, P<0.05). Conclusions　The aluminum enterprise workers in Foshan has a high level of occupational stress and burnout. Workers with shorter working hours are more likely to have occupational stress; workers with higher education level are more likely to have occupational burnout; workers with occupational stress are more likely to have occupational burnout.

Key words:

Occupational stress, Occupational burnout, Aluminium enterprise workers

摘要：

目的　分析佛山某铝业工人职业紧张、职业倦怠的现况以及相关性，为制定职业人群心理健康干预措施提供依据。方法　用整群抽样的方法对2020年佛山某铝业企业在岗工人进行职业紧张［付出-回报失衡问卷（ERI）］及职业倦怠［职业倦怠量表（MBI-GS）］调查；其中男性占75.07%（274/365），女性占24.93%（91/365）；<30岁占19.73%（72/365），30～40岁占36.99%（135/365），≥40岁占43.29%（158/365）；用SPSS 20.0软件分析铝业工人职业紧张、职业倦怠的现况及影响因素，组间比较采用χ²检验，影响因素用多因素logistic回归分析；对职业紧张与职业倦怠进行相关性分析。结果　佛山市某铝业工人的高度职业紧张检出率为54.79%（200/365），日工作时间<10 h的工人高度职业紧张检出率高于其他组（χ²=6.923，P<0.05）。职业倦怠检出率为54.79%（200/365）；文化程度在大专及以上的工人职业倦怠检出率更高（χ²=9.770，P<0.05）。职业紧张与职业倦怠相关（r=0.169，P<0.05）。结论　佛山市某铝业工人职业紧张和职业倦怠的水平较高，日工作时间短的工人更易职业紧张，文化程度较高的工人更易职业倦怠，职业紧张工人更易职业倦怠。

关键词:

职业紧张, 职业倦怠, 铝业工人