Abstract:

Objective　To explore the effect of self-care theory combined with predictive nursing for patients with postpartum urinary retention, and to improve postpartum women's rehabilitation and quality of life. Methods　One hundred and twenty postpartum women who delivered in Shenmu City Hospital from January 2022 to December 2023 were selected for the randomized controlled trial, and were divided into a control group and an observation group by the random number table method, with 60 cases in each group. The control group took routine nursing care, and the observation group received self-care theory combined with predictive nursing. The observation indicators included the incidence rate of postpartum urinary retention, bladder function, psychological status [Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and Self-Perceived Burden Scale (SPBS)], and incidence rate of complications. t and χ² tests were used for the statistical analysis. Results　After the intervention, the total incidence rate of postpartum urinary retention in the observation group was lower than that in the control group [10.00% (6/60) vs. 23.33% (14/60); χ²=4.286; P<0.05]. The first urination time, single urination volume, residual urine volume, and maximum urine flow rate in the observation group were better than those in the control group [(4.62±0.78) h vs. (5.65±0.89) h, (168.38±20.54) ml vs. (136.95±17.32) ml, (111.74±10.85) ml vs. (137.69±14.01) ml, and (15.47±3.15) ml/s vs. (12.63±2.89) ml/s; t=6.742, 9.061, 11.343, and 5.146; all P<0.05]. After the intervention, the scores of EPDS and SPBS in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (12.05±1.87 vs. 15.26±1.32 and 21.59±2.86 vs. 27.33±2.91; t=10.863 and 10.897; both P<0.05). The total incidence rate of complications in the observation group was lower than that in the control group [10.00% (6/60) vs. 30.00% (18/60); χ²=7.500; P<0.05]. Conclusion　Self-care theory combined with predictive nursing for women with postpartum urinary retention can effectively reduce the incidence of postpartum urinary retention, improve their bladder function and psychological health, and decrease the incidence rate of complications.

Key words:

Postpartum urinary retention, Self-care theory, Predictive nursing, Psychological status, Complications

摘要：

目的　探讨自护理论联合预见性护理在产后尿潴留中的应用效果，以提高产后妇女的康复质量和生活质量。方法　选取2022年1月至2023年12月在本院分娩的120例产妇进行随机对照试验。采用随机数字表法将其分为对照组（60例，采用常规护理）和观察组（60例，采用自护理论联合预见性护理）。观察指标包括产后尿潴留发生率、膀胱功能、心理状态［爱丁堡抑郁量表（EPDS）、自我感受负担量表（SPBS）］及并发症发生率。采用t检验及卡方检验进行统计分析。结果　干预后，观察组产后尿潴留总发生率低于对照组［10.00%（6/60）比23.33%（14/60），χ²=4.286，P<0.05］；观察组首次排尿时间［（4.62±0.78）h比（5.65±0.89）h，t=6.742，P<0.05］；单次尿量［（168.38±20.54）ml比（136.95±17.32）ml，t=9.061，P<0.05］；残余尿量［（111.74±10.85）ml比（137.69±14.01）ml，t=11.343，P<0.05］；最大尿流率［（15.47±3.15）ml/s比（12.63±2.89）ml/s，t=5.146，P<0.05］均优于对照组。干预后，观察组EPDS评分［（12.05±1.87）分比（15.26±1.32）分，t=10.863，P<0.05］；SPBS评分［（21.59±2.86）分比（27.33±2.91）分，t=10.897，P<0.05］均低于对照组。观察组并发症总发生率低于对照组［10.00%（6/60）比30.00%（18/60）］，χ²=7.500，P<0.05］。结论　自护理论联合预见性护理在产后尿潴留管理中的应用可以有效减少尿潴留的发生率，改善膀胱功能，提升心理健康，并降低并发症发生率。

关键词:

产后尿潴留, 自护理论, 预见性护理, 心理状态, 并发症