Abstract:

Objective　To explore the intervention effect of rehabilitation nursing of failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) for patients with coronary heart disease and diabetes mellitus during perioperative period of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods　This was a retrospective study. One hundred and fifty patients with coronary heart disease and diabetes mellitus during perioperative period of PCI treated at Tongchuan People's Hospital from January 2021 to December 2023 were selected as the study objects. The 75 patients taking routine nursing care from January 2021 to June 2022 were set as a control group, and the 75 patients taking FMEA rehabilitation nursing from July 2022 to December 2023 an observation group. There were 45 males and 30 females in the control group; they were (55.07±3.06) years old; their disease course was (1.36±0.81) years. There were 46 males and 29 females in the observation group; they were (55.12±3.14) years old; their disease course was (1.28±0.75) years. The blood pressures, blood glucose levels, and scores of life quality (physical function, role function, emotion function, and social function) before and 3 months after the intervention and incidence rate of the complications were compared between the two groups by t and χ² tests. Results　Three months after the intervention, the systolic and diastolic blood pressures, fasting blood glucose, and 2 h postprandial blood glucose in the observation group were lower than those in the observation group [(134.12±5.31) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) vs. (136.11±6.31) mmHg, (92.22±4.12) mmHg vs. (94.25±4.22) mmHg, (4.53±0.70) mmol/L vs. (4.89±0.87) mmol/L, and (7.31±1.13) mmol/L vs. (7.89±1.42) mmol/L], with statistical differences (all P<0.05); the scores of physical function, role function, emotion function, and social function in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (17.52±2.05 vs. 16.16±2.83, 17.36±1.91 vs. 16.39±2.27, 16.27±2.50 vs. 14.98±2.28, and 16.81±2.13 vs. 15.74±1.74), with statistical differences (all P<0.05). The incidence rate of complications in the observation group was lower than that in the control group, with a statistical difference [3.99% (3/75) vs. 13.30% (9/75)] (χ²=4.172; P=0.042). Conclusion　FMEA rehabilitation nursing for patients with coronary heart disease and diabetes mellitus during perioperative period of PCI can improve their blood pressures, blood glucose, and life quality and reduce their complications.

Key words:

Failure mode, Effect analysis, Rehabilitation nursing,  , , Coronary heart disease, Diabetes, Percutaneous coronary intervention,  , Perioperative period, Intervention effect

摘要：

目的　探讨失效模式与效应分析的康复护理在冠心病合并糖尿病患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（percutaneous coronary intervention，PCI）围手术期的干预效果。方法　采用回顾性研究，选取2021年1月至2023年12月铜川市人民医院收治的150例冠心病合并糖尿病PCI围手术期患者为研究对象，2021年1月至2022年6月开展常规护理的75例患者为对照组，2022年7月至2023年12月开展失效模式与效应分析的康复护理75例患者为观察组。对照组男45例、女30例，年龄（55.07±3.06）岁，病程（1.36±0.81）年。观察组男46例、女29例，年龄（55.12±3.14）岁，病程（1.28±0.75）年。比较两组患者护理干预前及干预后3个月的血压、血糖、生活质量评分（躯体功能、角色功能、情绪功能、社会功能）及并发症发生率，采用t检验、χ²检验进行统计比较。结果　护理干预后3个月，观察组收缩压、舒张压、空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖均低于对照组［（134.12±5.31）mmHg（1 mmHg=0.133 kPa）比（136.11±6.31）mmHg、舒张压（92.22±4.12）mmHg比（94.25±4.22）mmHg、（4.53±0.70）mmol/L比（4.89±0.87）mmol/L、（7.31±1.13）mmol/L比（7.89±1.42）mmol/L，差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）］；观察组躯体功能（17.52±2.05）分、角色功能（17.36±1.91）分、情绪功能（16.27±2.50）分、社会功能（16.81±2.13）分，对照组分别为（16.16±2.83）分、（16.39±2.27）分、（14.98±2.28分）、（15.74±1.74）分，差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）；观察组并发症发生率为3.99%（3/75），低于对照组［13.30%（9/75）］，差异有统计学意义（χ²=4.172，P=0.042）。结论　冠心病合并糖尿病患者在PCI围手术期中采用失效模式与效应分析的康复护理，可有效改善患者的血压、血糖，提高生活质量评分，降低并发症发生率。

关键词:

失效模式, 效应分析, 康复护理, 冠心病, 糖尿病, 经皮冠状动脉介入治疗, 围手术期, 干预效果