Abstract:

Objective　To investigate the effect of active cycle of breathing techniques (ACBT) combined with multifunctional breath valve exercise in airway clearance of school-aged children with bronchiectasis. Methods　Seventy school-aged children with bronchiectasis who were hospitalized in the department of pediatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from August 2019 to October 2023 were selected. A total of 35 children treated from August 2019 to December 2021 were included in the control group, including 21 boys and 14 girls, aged (8.74±2.62) years. A total of 35 children treated from January 2022 to October 2023 were included in the observation group, including 23 boys and 12 girls, aged (9.54±2.43) years. The control group received routine airway clearance treatment after admission until the day before discharge. On the basis of routine airway clearance treatment, the observation group received ACBT and multifunctional breath valve exercise (twice a day, 10-15 min each time) from the second day after admission to the day before discharge. The 24 h sputum volume, cough symptom score, and length of hospital stay were compared between two groups. Independent sample t test and Mann-Whitney U test were used for statistical analysis. Results　After intervention, the 24 h sputum volumes in the control group and the observation group were (33.60±4.34) ml and (37.80±5.49) ml, respectively, with a statistically significant difference (t=-3.545, P=0.001). The daytime cough score, nighttime cough score, and total cough symptom score in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, with statistically significant differences (all P<0.001). The length of hospital stay in the observation group was (10.39±3.41) d, which was shorter than that in the control group [(12.62±2.36) d], with a statistically significant difference (t=3.133, P=0.003). Conclusions　ACBT combined with multifunctional breath valve exercise can effectively promote the removal of respiratory secretions in school-aged children with bronchiectasis, improve their symptoms of cough and sputum, and improve their condition.

Key words:

Bronchiectasis, School-aged children, Active cycle of breathing techniques, Multifunction breath valve, Airway clearance

摘要：

目的　探讨主动呼吸循环技术（ACBT）联合多功能呼气阀锻炼对学龄期支气管扩张症儿童气道廓清的效果。方法　选取2019年8月至2023年10月在广州医科大学附属第一医院儿科住院的70例学龄期支气管扩张症儿童为研究对象。2019年8月至2021年12月收治的35例患儿纳入对照组，男21例，女14例，年龄（8.74±2.62）岁；2022年1月至2023年10月收治的35例患儿纳入观察组，男23例，女12例，年龄（9.54±2.43）岁。对照组入院后接受常规气道廓清治疗，直至出院前一天。观察组在常规气道廓清治疗基础上联合ACBT与多功能呼气阀锻炼（均每日2次，每次10～15 min），入院后第2天持续至出院前一天。比较两组患儿24 h咳痰量、咳嗽症状评分、住院天数。采用独立样本t检验、Mann-Whitney U检验进行统计学分析。结果　干预后，对照组和观察组患儿24 h咳痰量分别为（33.60±4.34）ml、（37.80±5.49）ml，差异有统计学意义（t=-3.545，P=0.001）；观察组患儿日间咳嗽积分、夜间咳嗽积分、咳嗽症状总积分均低于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.001）。观察组患儿住院天数为（10.39±3.41）d，短于对照组（12.62±2.36）d，差异有统计学意义（t=3.133，P=0.003）。结论　ACBT联合多功能呼气阀锻炼可有效促进学龄期支气管扩张症儿童呼吸道分泌物清除，改善患儿的咳嗽症状及咳痰情况，从而改善病情。

关键词:

支气管扩张症, 学龄期儿童, 主动呼吸循环技术, 多功能呼气阀, 气道廓清