奥尔夫音乐疗法结合头针治疗对孤独症儿童语言障碍的临床疗效

doi:10.3760/cma.j.cn441417-20250117-17023

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的　探讨奥尔夫音乐疗法联合头针治疗对孤独症患儿语言障碍的疗效。方法　采用回顾性研究。选取2021年1月至2024年8月西安工会医院收治并确诊为孤独症的96例患儿，按治疗方法分为对照组（52例）和试验组（44例）。试验组：男23例，女21例，年龄3～5（4.37±0.89）岁，病程1～3（1.66±0.62）年，发育商75～93（84.25±6.53）分，给予奥尔夫音乐剧模式疗法结合头针治疗；对照组：男33例，女19例，年龄3～5（4.61±0.32）岁，病程1～3（1.54±0.49）年，发育商73～92（86.13±5.22）分，给予头针治疗。两组均治疗24周。比较两组中医证候积分、孤独症谱系障碍及相关发育障碍儿童心理教育量表（CPEP-3）、孤独症治疗评估量表（ATEC）、孤独症儿童行为评定量表（ABC）评分。统计方法采用t检验、χ²检验。结果　治疗后，两组中医证候积分语言迟滞、精神萎靡、智力障碍、食欲不振均较治疗前降低，且试验组均低于对照组［（0.26±0.12）分比（0.86±0.20）分、（0.18±0.08）分比（0.67±0.13）分、（0.21±0.14）分比（0.58±0.22）分、（0.16±0.05）分比（0.63±0.11）分］，差异均有统计学意义（t=17.415、21.750、9.624、26.134，均P<0.05）；试验组ATEC、ABC评分均低于对照组［（69.17±5.64）分比（88.73±7.66）分、（69.09±5.98）分比（87.35±6.31）分］，差异均有统计学意义（t=14.021、14.469，均P<0.05）；两组治疗后，CPEP-3评分中认知、语言表达、语言理解、模仿、小肌肉、大肌肉、社交互动、情感表达、非语言行为特征与语言行为特征均较治疗前升高，且试验组均高于对照组（均P<0.05）。两组不良反应总发生率比较［9.61%（5/52）比13.63%（6/44）］，差异无统计学意义（χ²=0.380，P>0.05）。结论　奥尔夫音乐疗法结合头针治疗可改善孤独症患儿关于认知、模仿、表达与理解等语言障碍能力，促进孤独症患儿康复。

关键词:

孤独症, 奥尔夫音乐疗法, 头针治疗, 语言障碍, 儿童

Abstract:

Objective　Exploring the efficacy of Orff music therapy combined with scalp acupuncture in treating language disorders in children with autism. Methods　Conduct a retrospective study.A total of 96 children diagnosed with autism who were admitted to Xi'an Union Hospital and treated from January 2021 to August 2024 were selected. They were divided into the control group (52 cases) and the experimental group (44 cases) according to the treatment methods.Experimental group: 23 males and 21 females, aged 3 to 5 (4.37±0.89) years, with a disease duration of 1 to 3(1.66±0.62) years, with a developmental quotient ranging from 75 to 93(84.25±6.53) points. They were treated with the Orff musical drama therapy combined with scalp acupuncture.Control group: 33 males and 19 females, aged 3 to 5(4.61±0.32) years, with a disease duration of 1 to 3(1.54±0.49) years, developmental quotient ranging from 73 to 92(86.13±5.22) points, treated with scalp acupuncture.Both groups were treated for 24 weeks.Compare the scores of the two groups in terms of TCM syndrome indices, the Psychological Education Scale for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders and Related Developmental Disorders (CPEP-3), the Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist (ATEC), and the Autism Behavior Checklist for Children (ABC).The statistical methods employed were t-test and χ² test. Results　After the treatment, the scores of the traditional Chinese medicine syndromes in both groups decreased compared to before the treatment, especially for language retardation, mental lethargy, intellectual disability and loss of appetite. Moreover, the scores in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group[(0.26±0.12) points vs.(0.86±0.20) points, (0.18±0.08) points vs.(0.67±0.13) points, (0.21±0.14) points vs.(0.58±0.22) points, (0.16±0.05) points vs.(0.63±0.11) points], all the differences were statistically significant (t=17.415,21.75,9.624,26.134; all P<0.05).The ATEC and ABC scores of the experimental group were both lower than those of the control group [(69.17±5.64) points vs.(88.73±7.66) points, (69.09±5.98) points vs.(87.35±6.31) points], and the differences were statistically significant (t=14.021,14.469; both P<0.05).After the treatment, the CPEP-3 scores showed that in terms of cognition, language expression, language comprehension, imitation, fine motor skills, gross motor skills, social interaction, emotional expression, non-verbal behavioral characteristics and language behavioral characteristics, they were all higher than those before the treatment, and the scores of the experimental group were higher than those of the control group (all P<0.05).The comparison of the total incidence rates of adverse reactions between the two groups showed no statistically significant difference (9.61%(5/52) vs.13.63%(6/44); χ²=0.380, P>0.05). Conclusion　Orff music therapy combined with scalp acupuncture can improve language ability disorders such as cognition, imitation, expression and comprehension in children with autism, and promote their recovery.

Key words:

Autism, Orff music therapy, Acupuncture treatment, Language disorders, Child

穆宝妮罗婷刘蕊.

奥尔夫音乐疗法结合头针治疗对孤独症儿童语言障碍的临床疗效 [J]. 国际医药卫生导报, 2025, 31(17): 2935-2940.

Mu Baoni, Luo Ting, Liu Rui.

Clinical observation of Orff music therapy combined with scalp acupuncture on language impairment in autistic children [J]. International Medicine and Health Guidance News, 2025, 31(17): 2935-2940.

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