Abstract: Objective　To investigate the effect applying vein detained needles in patients taking transfusion in the outpatient and emergency departments of a large general hospital. Methods　The patients who used disposable scalp needles for transfusion in the central injection room of the outpatient and emergency departments of Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital from May 2019 to April 2020 were selected as a control group. From May 2020 to April 2021, the patients who used vein detained needles for transfusion in the outpatient and emergency departments of Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital were taken as an observation group. There were 561 males and 488 females in the control group; they were (41.14±20.61) years old; they had transfusion (330.41±137.27) ml per day for (5.69±2.20) days. There were 612 males and 600 females in the observation group; they were (39.61±19.48) years old; they had transfusion (341.17±137.60) ml per day for (5.70±2.21) days. There were no statistical differences in the general data between these two groups (all P>0.05). Except the patients in the control group who controlled blood pressure or glucose by pumping, all the patients in the outpatient and emergency departments used scalp needles for infusion according to the intravenous infusion procedure. The patients in the experimental group who infused o two bottles of liquid in the outpatient and emergency departments used the vein detained needles for transfusion according to the intravenous infusion procedure. The incidences of infusion exosmosis/exudation of intravenous infusion and the patients' complaint rates and satisfaction rates were compared between the experimental group and the control group. t and χ² tests were applied. Results　The incidence of extravasation/exudation of intravenous infusion and the patients' complaint rate and satisfaction rate were 2.23% (27/1 212), 0.17% (2/1 212), and 98.43% (1 193/1 212) in the observation group, and were 6.96% (73/1 049), 0.95% (10/1 049), and 90.09% (945/1 049) in the control group, with statistical differences (χ²=29.833, 6.619, and 76.152; all P<0.05). Conclusion　The application of vein detained needles in outpatient and emergency transfusion patients in large general hospitals can improve patient satisfaction and reduce the rate of infusion exudation/extravasation, so it is worth being generalized.

Key words: Vein detained needles, Intravenous transfusion, Outpatients and emergency patients

摘要： 目的　探讨静脉留置针在大型综合医院门急诊输液患者中的应用效果。方法　选取广东省人民医院门急诊中心注射室2019年5月至2020年4月间在门急诊使用一次性头皮针进行输液的患者作为对照组；2020年5月至2021年4月在广东省人民医院门急诊使用留置针输液的患者作为观察组。对照组男561例，女488例；年龄（41.14±20.61）岁；输液天数（5.69±2.20）d；每日输液量（330.41±137.27）ml。观察组男612例，女600例；年龄（39.61±19.48）岁；输液天数（5.70±2.21）d；每日输液量（341.17±137.60）ml。两组患者的一般资料比较，差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。对照组除泵注控制血压或血糖的患者外，门急诊输液患者均按静脉输液操作流程使用头皮针进行输液。观察组为输注2袋及以上液体的患者及经常需要在急门诊输液者，按静脉输液操作流程使用留置针进行输液。比较两组患者静脉输液外渗/渗出发生率、患者的投诉率、患者满意率。采用t、χ²检验进行分析。结果　观察组静脉输液外渗/渗出发生率为2.23%（27/1 212）、患者投诉率为0.17%（2/1 212）、患者满意率为98.43%（1 193/1 212），对照组分别为6.96%（73/1 049）、0.95%（10/1 049）、90.09%（945/1 049），两组比较，差异均有统计学意义（χ²=29.833、6.619、76.152，均P<0.05）。结论　门急诊输液患者应用静脉留置针，可提高患者满意度，降低输液渗出/外渗率，值得推广。

关键词: 留置针, 静脉输液, 门急诊患者