Abstract: Objective　To investigate the efficacies of red blood cell and platelet transfusion for adult patients and its influencing factors, and to improve the efficiency of blood transfusion therapy. Methods　The data of the patients who received red blood cell and platelet transfusion in The 73rd Group Military Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army Ground Force from July 2019 to June 2021 were retrospectively analyzed, and the efficacies of red blood cell and platelet transfusion were evaluated. The patients were divided into groups according to their gender, age, frequency of blood transfusion, and underlying diseases, and the influencing factors of red blood cell and platelet transfusion efficacies were investigated. The χ² test was applied. Results　A total of 282 patients taking red blood cell transfusion therapy, including 136 males and 146 females who were 18-82 years old, and 98 patients taking platelet transfusion therapy, including 46 males and 52 females who were 18-88 years old, were included in this study. According to data analysis, the total effective rate of red blood cell transfusion for the 282 patients was 81.91% (231/282), and the total effective rate of platelet transfusion for the 98 patients was 85.71% (84/98). According to the chi-square test, the effective rates of red blood cell and platelet transfusions in the 18-60 years old patients were higher than those in the ≥60 years old patients (χ²_{red blood cells}=7.415, P_{red blood cells}=0.006; χ²_platelet=4.961, P_platelet=0.026). The effective rates of red blood cell and platelet transfusion in the patients with the frequency of blood transfusions <3 were higher than those in the patients with the frequency of blood transfusions ≥3 (χ²_{red blood cells}=7.760, P_{red blood cells}=0.005; χ²_platelet=6.853, P_platelet=0.009). The effective rates of red blood cell and platelet transfusion in the patients with acute blood loss disease and hematopoietic dysfunction disease were higher than those in the patients with chronic blood loss disease (χ²_{red blood cells}=18.653, P_{red blood cells}<0.001; χ²_platelet=10.597, P_platelet=0.005). The effective rate of platelet transfusion in the patients with fever was lower than that in the patients with normal body temperature (χ²_platelet=8.459, P_platelet=0.004). The effective rates of red blood cell and platelet transfusion in the patients taking surgery were lower than those in the patients taking no surgery (χ²_{red blood cells} = 9.928, P_{red blood cells} = 0.002; χ²_platelet = 5.878, P_platelet = 0.015). Conclusions　The effective rates of redblood cell and platelet transfusion for adult patients in The 73rd Group Military Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army Ground Force are relatively high. The efficacies of redblood cell and platelet transfusion are related to the patients' age, frequency of blood transfusion, and underlying diseases. Clinical attention should be paid to the patients' blood transfusion treatment.

Key words: Blood transfusion efficacy, Red blood cells, Platelets, Effective rate

摘要： 目的　探讨成人患者红细胞和血小板输血疗效情况及其影响因素，提高输血治疗有效率。方法　回顾性分析2019年7月至2021年6月期间在中国人民解放军陆军第七十三集团军医院进行红细胞和血小板输血治疗的患者的相关数据，评估患者红细胞和血小板输血疗效情况；根据患者性别、年龄、输血次数和基础疾病对患者进行分组，探讨红细胞和血小板输血疗效的影响因素。采用χ²检验。结果　本研究共纳入282例红细胞输血治疗患者和98例血小板输血治疗患者作为研究对象。282例红细胞输血治疗患者中男性136例，女性146例，年龄18～82岁。98例血小板输血治疗患者中男性46例，女性52例，年龄18～88岁。经分析，282例患者红细胞输血治疗总有效率为81.91%（231/282），98例患者血小板输血治疗总有效率为85.71%（84/98）。经卡方检验，18～60岁患者红细胞和血小板输血有效率高于≥60岁患者（χ²_红细胞=7.415，P=0.006；χ²_血小板=4.961，P=0.026），输血次数<3的患者红细胞和血小板输血有效率高于输血次数≥3的患者（χ²_红细胞=7.760，P=0.005；χ²_血小板=6.853，P=0.009）；急性失血性疾病和造血功能障碍性疾病患者红细胞和血小板输血有效率高于慢性失血性疾病患者（χ²_红细胞=18.653，P<0.001；χ²_血小板=10.597，P=0.005）；发热患者血小板输血有效率低于体温正常患者（χ²=8.459，P=0.004）；手术患者红细胞和血小板输血有效率低于非手术患者（χ²_红细胞=9.928，P=0.002；χ²_血小板=5.878，P=0.015）。结论　中国人民解放军陆军第七十三集团军医院成人患者红细胞和血小板输血有效率相对较高，红细胞和血小板输血疗效与患者年龄、输血次数和基础疾病有关，临床上对患者进行输血治疗时应予以重视。

关键词: 输血疗效, 红细胞, 血小板, 有效率