Abstract:

Objective　To investigate the demands for popular science and health information in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), and provide a reference for formulating CKD popular science and education prescriptions. Methods　From December 2020 to January 2021, the convenience sampling method was used to survey 332 CKD patients from Guangdong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chinese Medicine Hospital of Hainan Province, and The People's Hospital of Xiangtan County. The survey included general conditions and nephropathy knowledge demands. χ² test was used for comparison of the count data and rank sum test was used for comparison of the grade data. Results　Among the 332 patients, 54.2% (180/332) were male, 45.8% (152/332) were female, 27.1% (90/332) were under 45 years old, 30.4% (101/332) were 45-60 years old, and 42.5% (141/332) were over 60 years old. The three items with high demand for nephropathy health information were diet management knowledge [82.2% (273/332)], nephropathy course and basic knowledge [61.4% (204/332)], and drug management knowledge [61.1% (203/332)]. The demand for popular science carriers was higher in text [85.8% (285/332)] and video animation [73.8% (245/332)]. Doctors (87.0%) and nurses (66.3%) were in high demand for personnels who were wished to impart popular science knowledge. There were statistically significant differences between the patients' current way of obtaining popular science and their expected way of online and offline face-to-face medical education (all P<0.001). Conclusions　Most CKD patients share the common demands for dietary health information, and dietary health education for CKD patients should be strengthened. The text and video animation led by doctors and nurses for health education are more popular in CKD patients. Reasonably combining Internet technology to conduct online science popularization can improve the efficiency and quality of health education for CKD patients.

Key words: Chronic kidney disease, Health education, Health promotion, Health information literacy, Internet+

摘要： 目的　调查慢性肾脏病（CKD）患者科普健康信息的需求情况，为制定CKD宣教处方提供参考依据。方法　2020年12月至2021年1月采用便利抽样法对广东省中医院、海南省中医院、湘潭县人民医院的332例CKD患者进行横断面调查，调查内容包括一般情况和肾病知识需求情况。计数资料组间比较采用χ²检验，等级资料比较采用秩和检验。结果　332例患者中，男性占54.2%（180/332），女性占45.8%（152/332），年龄<45岁占27.1%（90/332），年龄在45～60岁之间占30.4%（101/332），年龄>60岁占42.5%（141/332）。肾病健康信息需求较高的3个项目依次为：饮食管理知识82.2%（273/332）、肾病的病程及基础知识61.4%（204/332）、药物管理知识61.1%（203/332）。科普载体需求中文字85.8%（285/332）、视频动画73.8%（245/332）需求较高。对希望传授科普知识的人员需求较高的是医生87.0%（289/332）和护士66.3%（220/332）。患者现有科普获取方式与其希望的科普方式在线上、线下医护面对面宣教差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.001）。结论　大多数CKD患者共同的需求饮食方面健康信息，应加强CKD患者饮食健康教育。以医护人员为主导的文字、视频动画的健康教育方式更受CKD患者欢迎。合理结合互联网技术进行线上科普，以提升CKD健康教育效率和质量。

关键词: 慢性肾脏病, 健康教育, 健康促进, 健康信息素养, 互联网+