Abstract:

Objective　To explore the impact of hypertension support groups on blood pressure control and treatment compliance in patients with hypertension. Methods　This prospective clinical controlled trial included 86 patients with hypertension treated at High-tech Branch, Ankang City Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital from March 2021 to March 2023. The patients were divided into two groups by the random drawing method: the patients with odd numbers were set as a control group (43 cases), and the patients with even numbers an observation group (43 cases). There were 23 males and 20 females in the control group; they were 36-72 (52.89±5.25) years old. There were 24 males and 19 females in the observation group; they were 37-73 (52.97±5.21) years old. The control group were routinely cared, while the observation group were intervened by the hypertension support group care mode. The blood pressures, self-management levels, psychological resilience, and treatment compliance were compared between the two groups before the intervention and after 3 months' intervention. χ² and t tests were used for the statistical analysis. Results　After the intervention, the systolic and diastolic blood pressures in the observation group were lower than those in the control group [(125.34±8.57) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) vs. (139.58±10.31) mmHg and (75.36±6.89) mmHg vs. (85.02±7.13) mmHg], with statistical differences (t=6.965 and 6.389; both P<0.05). The scores in all the dimensions of self-management in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, with statistical differences (all P<0.05). The scores of tenacity, strength, and optimism in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (23.56±3.59 vs. 18.01±3.02, 26.84±4.12 vs. 22.15±3.54, and 33.25±4.89 vs. 28.14±4.12), with statistical differences (t=7.758, 5.662, and 5.240; all P<0.05). The scores of compliance to medication, exercise, and diet and self-monitoring in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (18.12±3.25 vs. 13.36±2.58, 6.22±1.25 vs. 3.89±0.86, 13.06±2.68 vs. 10.69±2.24, and 18.22±3.27 vs. 13.89±2.68), with statistical differences (t=7.552, 10.070, 4.449, and 6.716; all P<0.05). Conclusion　The hypertension support group care mode for patients with hypertension can effectively decrease their blood pressures and improve their self-management ability, psychological resilience, and treatment compliance, including medication, exercise, and dietary compliance and self-monitoring, and has positive impact on their overall management.

Key words:

Hypertension, Hypertension support groups, Blood pressures, Treatment compliance, Psychological resilience

摘要：

目的　探讨高血压互助小组对高血压患者血压水平控制情况及遵医行为的影响。方法　采用前瞻性临床对照研究，纳入2021年3月至2023年3月安康市中医医院高新分院接收的86例高血压患者，采用摸球法分组，奇数为对照组（43例），偶数为观察组（43例）。对照组男23例，女20例，年龄36～72（52.89±5.25）岁，予以常规护理模式。观察组男24例，女19例，年龄37～73（52.97±5.21）岁，予以高血压互助小组护理模式。两组均干预3个月。比较两组干预前、后的血压水平、自我管理水平、心理韧性、遵医行为。采用χ²检验、t检验进行统计分析。结果　干预后，观察组收缩压、舒张压均低于对照组［（125.34±8.57）mmHg（1 mmHg=0.133 kPa）比（139.58±10.31）mmHg、（75.36±6.89）mmHg比（85.02±7.13）mmHg］，差异均有统计学意义（t=6.965、6.389，均P<0.05）；观察组自我管理水平各维度得分均高于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）；观察组坚韧、自强、乐观得分均高于对照组［（23.56±3.59）分比（18.01±3.02）分、（26.84±4.12）分比（22.15±3.54）分、（33.25±4.89）分比（28.14±4.12）分］，差异均有统计学意义（t=7.758、5.662、5.240，均P<0.05）；观察组药物遵从、运动遵从、饮食遵从、自我监测得分均高于对照组［（18.12±3.25）分比（13.36±2.58）分、（6.22±1.25）分比（3.89±0.86）分、（13.06±2.68）分比（10.69±2.24）分、（18.22±3.27）分比（13.89±2.68）分］，差异均有统计学意义（t=7.552、10.070、4.449、6.716，均P<0.05）。结论　高血压互助小组护理模式能有效降低患者血压水平，提高自我管理能力、心理韧性及遵医行为（包括药物、运动、饮食遵从和自我监测方面），对高血压患者的综合管理具有积极影响。

关键词:

高血压, 高血压互助小组, 血压水平, 遵医行为, 心理韧性