Abstract:

Objective　To analyze the intervention value of fine nursing combined with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) rehabilitation nursing for children with asthmatic bronchopneumonia undergoing aerosol inhalation. Methods　Eighty children with asthmatic bronchopneumonia undergoing aerosol inhalation in Pingdingshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from April to October 2023 were selected as the study objects, and were divided into a control group (40 cases) and an observation group (40 cases) by the random number table method. There were 22 boys and 18 girls in the control group, aged 3-10 (5.93±1.34) years, the course of disease was 1-6 (3.68±1.15) d, and there were 13 cases of bacterial infection and 27 cases of viral infection. There were 24 boys and 16 girls in the observation group, aged 3-10 (6.14±1.29) years, the course of disease was 1-6 (3.72±1.13) d, and there were 11 cases of bacterial infection and 29 cases of viral infection. The control group received fine nursing, and the observation group received TCM rehabilitation nursing on the basis of the control group for a week. The symptom improvement time (cough disappearance time, asthma disappearance time, and temperature recovery time), lung function [forced vital capacity (FVC), peak expiratory flow (PEF), and forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1)], treatment compliance (self-made pediatric treatment compliance scale), and quality of life [Universal Core Scale for Children's Quality of Life (PedsQLTM4.0)] before and after intervention, and adverse reactions during intervention were compared between the two groups. Independent sample t test and χ² test were used. Results　The time of cough disappearance [(3.35±1.06) d], the time of asthma disappearance [(3.39±0.94) d], and the time of body temperature recovery [(2.57±0.31) d] in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group [(5.92±1.27) d, (6.85±1.23) d, and (3.69±0.58) d] (all P<0.05). After intervention, the levels of FVC [(3.08±0.16) L], PEF [(3.57±0.24) L/s], and FEV1 [(2.53±0.21) L] in the observation group were higher than those in the control group [(2.71±0.14) L, (3.25±0.21) L/s, and (2.32±0.18) L] (all P<0.05). The scores of medication [(9.13±0.89) points], exercise [(8.84±0.81) points], and diet [(8.97±0.84) points] of the self-made pediatric treatment compliance scale in the observation group were higher than those in the control group [(7.51±0.75) points, (7.49±0.72) points, and (7.13±0.67) points] (all P<0.05); the scores of physiological function [(78.92±5.03) points], emotional function [(74.67±4.78) points], social function [(76.85±4.92) points], and school performance [(70.19±4.08) points] of the PedsQLTM4.0 in the observation group were higher than those in the control group [(69.35±4.42) points, (66.29±4.29) points, (67.09±4.51) points, and (64.93±3.79) points] (all P<0.05). During the intervention period, the total incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group [10.00% (4/40)] was lower than that in the control group [37.50% (15/40)] (P<0.05). Conclusion　Fine nursing combined with TCM rehabilitation nursing can improve the symptoms in children with asthmatic bronchopneumonia undergoing aerosol inhalation, improve the lung function, enhance the treatment compliance, reduce the incidence of adverse reactions, and improve the quality of life.

Key words:

Asthmatic bronchopneumonia, Aerosol inhalation, Fine nursing, Traditional Chinese medicine rehabilitation nursing

摘要：

目的　分析精细化护理联合中医康复护理对行雾化吸入喘息性支气管肺炎患儿的干预价值。方法　选取2023年4月至10月平顶山市中医医院收治的80例行雾化吸入喘息性支气管肺炎患儿作为研究对象。采用随机数字表法，将患儿分为对照组（40例）和观察组（40例）。对照组男22例，女18例；年龄3～10（5.93±1.34）岁；病程1～6（3.68±1.15）d；细菌感染13例，病毒感染27例。观察组男24例，女16例；年龄3～10（6.14±1.29）岁；病程1～6（3.72±1.13）d；细菌感染11例，病毒感染29例。对照组采用精细化护理，观察组在对照组基础上采用中医康复护理。两组患儿均干预1周。比较两组症状改善时间（咳嗽消失时间、气喘消失时间、体温恢复时间），干预前后肺功能［用力肺活量（FVC）、呼气高峰流量（PEF）、第1秒用力呼气容积（FEV1）］、治疗依从性（自制小儿治疗依从性量表）、生活质量［儿童生存质量普适性核心量表（PedsQLTM4.0）］，干预期间不良反应发生情况。采用独立样本t检验和χ²检验。结果　观察组咳嗽消失时间［（3.35±1.06）d］、气喘消失时间［（3.39±0.94）d］、体温恢复时间［（2.57±0.31）d］］均短于对照组［（5.92±1.27）d、（6.85±1.23）d、（3.69±0.58）d］（均P<0.05）。干预后，观察组FVC［（3.08±0.16）L］、PEF［（3.57±0.24）L/s］、FEV1［（2.53±0.21）L］水平均高于对照组［（2.71±0.14）L、（3.25±0.21）L/s、（2.32±0.18）L］（均P<0.05）；观察组自制小儿治疗依从性量表中的用药［（9.13±0.89）分］、运动［（8.84±0.81）分］、饮食［（8.97±0.84）分］评分均高于对照组［（7.51±0.75）分、（7.49±0.72）分、（7.13±0.67）分］（均P<0.05）；观察组PedsQLTM4.0中的生理功能［（78.92±5.03）分］、情感功能［（74.67±4.78）分］、社交功能［（76.85±4.92）分］、学校表现［（70.19±4.08）分］评分均高于对照组［（69.35±4.42）分、（66.29±4.29）分、（67.09±4.51）分、（64.93±3.79）分］（均P<0.05）。干预期间，观察组不良反应总发生率［10.00%（4/40）］低于对照组［37.50%（15/40）］（P<0.05）。结论　精细化护理联合中医康复护理可改善行雾化吸入喘息性支气管肺炎患儿症状，改善肺功能，提高治疗依从性，降低不良反应发生率，提高生活质量。

关键词:

喘息性支气管肺炎, 雾化吸入, 精细化护理, 中医康复护理