Abstract: Objective　To analyze the clinical effect of erythromycin combined with interferon atomization in the treatment of infantile pertussis-like syndrome. Methods　A total of 150 infants with pertussis-like syndrome who were admitted to Mengyin County People's Hospital from May 2018 to May 2021 were numbered according to the order of admission, and were divided into an observation group (75 cases) and a control group (75 cases) by the random number table method. The observation group included 50 males and 25 females, aged from 1 to 12 months; the control group included 47 males and 28 females, aged from 1 to 12 months. The control group was treated with erythromycin atomization, and the observation group was treated with interferon on this basis. The clinical effects, relief time of clinical symptoms and signs, laboratory indexes, and immune function were compared between the two groups, and the occurrence of adverse reactions was statistically analyzed. Independent sample t test was used for inter-group comparison of the measurement data, paired t test was used for intra-group comparison, and χ² test was used for the count data. Results　The total response rate in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group [92.00% (69/75) vs. 77.33% (58/75)] (P<0.05). The relief time of spastic cough symptom, disappearance time of lung rales, relief time of dyspnea, and hospital stay in the observation group [(7.00±1.28) d, (5.40±1.25) d, (5.13±1.01) d, and (7.72±2.12) d] were shorter than those in the control group [(7.90±1.59) d, (6.69±2.14) d, (6.58±1.32) d, and (9.39±2.59) d] (all P<0.05). After treatment, the white blood cell count, percentage of lymphocytes, and C-reactive protein (CRP) in the observation group [(15.14±4.65) ×10⁹/L, (30.14±12.05)%, and (4.17±1.45) mg/L] were lower than those in the control group [(24.17±7.12) ×10⁹/L, (45.25±10.50)%, and (8.05±2.13) mg/L] (all P<0.05), the levels of immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgA, and IgM [(11.35±2.52) g/L, (1.29±0.18) g/L, and (2.04±0.46) g/L] were higher than those in the control group [(7.55±1.76) g/L, (1.05±0.25) g/L, and (1.80±0.45) g/L] (all P<0.05). No adverse reactions were observed during treatment. Conclusions　Erythromycin combined with interferon atomization is superior to interferon atomization alone in the treatment of infantile pertussis-like syndrome in terms of curative effect and relief of symptoms and signs. The former can improve the immune function more significantly, with good safety.

Key words: Erythromycin, Interferon, Atomization, Infants, Pertussis-like syndrome

摘要： 目的　分析红霉素联合干扰素雾化治疗婴儿类百日咳综合征的临床疗效。方法　将蒙阴县人民医院自2018年5月至2021年5月收治的150例类百日咳综合征婴儿按入院顺序编号，按随机数字表法分为观察组（75例）与对照组（75例）。观察组男50例、女25例，年龄1～12个月；对照组男47例、女28例，年龄1～12个月。对照组采用红霉素雾化治疗，观察组在对照组基础上联合干扰素治疗；比较两组临床疗效、临床症状及体征缓解情况、实验室指标及免疫功能，并统计不良反应发生情况。计量资料组间比较采用独立样本t检验，组内比较采用配对t检验；计数资料用χ²检验。结果　观察组总有效率显著高于对照组［92.00%（69/75）比77.33%（58/75）］（P<0.05）。观察组痉挛型咳嗽症状缓解时间、肺部啰音消失时间、呼吸困难症状缓解时间及住院时间［（7.00±1.28）d、（5.40±1.25）d、（5.13±1.01）d、（7.72±2.12）d］较对照组短［（7.90±1.59）d、（6.69±2.14）d、（6.58±1.32）d、（9.39±2.59）d］（均P<0.05）。治疗后观察组白细胞计数、淋巴细胞百分比、C反应蛋白（CRP）［（15.14±4.65）×10⁹/L、（30.14±12.05）%、（4.17±1.45）mg/L］低于对照组［（24.17±7.12）×10⁹/L、（45.25±10.50）%、（8.05±2.13）mg/L］（均P<0.05），免疫球蛋白G（IgG）、IgA、IgM［（11.35±2.52）g/L、（1.29±0.18）g/L、（2.04±0.46）g/L］高于对照组［（7.55±1.76）g/L、（1.05±0.25）g/L、（1.80±0.45）g/L］（均P<0.05）。两组治疗期间未见任意不良反应发生。结论　红霉素联合干扰素雾化治疗婴儿类百日咳综合征在疗效、症状及体征缓解上优于单一干扰素雾化治疗，前者对免疫功能的改善更为显著，且安全性良好。

关键词: 红霉素, 干扰素, 雾化, 婴儿, 类百日咳综合征