Abstract: Objective　To explore the therapeutic effect of rapid soft-channel puncture of the skull guided by 3D printing plate in the treatment of moderate and small amount of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage in basal ganglia. Methods　A total of 124 patients with moderate and small amount of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage in basal ganglia treated by rapid soft-channel puncture of the skull in Department of Neurosurgery, Binzhou Central Hospital from Jun 2017 to Oct 2020 were divided into a control group and a research group by the random number table with 62 cases in each group. There were 29 males and 33 females in the research group, aged (56.9±2.4) years; there were 34 males and 28 females in the control group, aged (55.2±3.6) years. The research group received rapid soft-channel puncture of the skull guided by 3D printing plate, while the control group received rapid soft-channel puncture of the skull and drainage after preoperative CT positioning. Then the duration of operation, hematoma puncture accuracy, duration of bearing draining tube, rate of clearance of hemotoma, and postoperative intracranial infection rate were compared. Independent sample t test was used for the measurement data, and Fisher's exact test or χ² test was used for the count data. Results　The duration of operation, hematoma puncture accuracy, duration of bearing draining tube, and hematoma removal in the research group were significantly better than those in the control group [(26.90±2.40) min vs. (48.06±3.74) min, 100.00% (62/62) vs. 88.71% (55/62), (3.15±0.26) d vs. (4.62±0.82) d, (3.56±1.26) ml vs. (6.94±2.26) ml], with statistically significant differences between the two groups (all P<0.05); there was no statistically significant difference in the postoperative intracranial infection rate between the two groups (P=0.057). Conclusion　Rapid soft-channel puncture of the skull guided by 3D printing plate is a safe and reliable new technology in the treatment of moderate and small amount of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage in basal ganglia compared with rapid soft-channel puncture of the skull and drainage after preoperative CT positioning, with better clinical effect, which has a wide range of clinical applications.

Key words: 3D printing, Rapid soft-channel puncture of the skull, Hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage in basal ganglia

摘要： 目的　探讨利用3D打印导板引导下快速锥颅软通道穿刺治疗中少量基底节区高血压脑出血的临床效果。方法　选取2017年6月至2020年10月滨州市中心医院神经外科行快速锥颅软通道穿刺治疗的124例中少量基底节区高血压脑出血患者，随机数字表法分为两组，研究组和对照组。研究组中男性29例，女性33例，年龄（56.9±2.4）岁；对照组中男性34例，女性28例，年龄（55.2±3.6）岁。研究组62例，均采用3D打印导板引导下快速锥颅软通道微创穿刺术；对照组62例，均采用术前头颅CT定位后快速锥颅软通道穿刺引流术，对比两组患者的手术持续时间、穿刺血肿准确率、术后带管时间、血肿清除比例、术后颅内感染率等指标。计量资料行两独立样本t检验，计数资料行χ²检验或Fisher精确检验。结果　研究组患者的手术时间、血肿穿刺准确率、术后带管时间、血肿清除情况均显著优于对照组［（26.90±2.40）min比（48.06±3.74）min，100.00%（62/62）比88.71%（55/62），（3.15±0.26）d比（4.62±0.82）d，（3.56±1.26）ml比（6.94±2.26）ml］，组间比较差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）；术后颅内感染率两组比较差异无统计学意义（P=0.057）。结论　3D打印导板引导下快速锥颅软通道穿刺治疗中少量基底节区高血压脑出血，与单纯术前头颅CT定位快速锥颅软通道穿刺治疗中少量基底节区高血压脑出血相比，效果更佳，是一项精准、安全、可靠的新技术，在临床上具有广泛的推广与应用价值。

关键词: 3D打印, 快速锥颅软通道穿刺, 基底节区高血压脑出血