Abstract:

Objective　To investigate the application of 4P medical model in artificial airway management of patients with cerebral hemorrhage. Methods　This was a randomized controlled trial. A total of 122 patients with cerebral hemorrhage admitted to Liaocheng Third People's Hospital from January 2019 to June 2021 were selected and were divided into a control group and an observation group according to the single and even order of admission with 61 cases in each group. The control group included 35 males and 26 females, aged (54.29±7.50) years; the observation group included 38 males and 23 females, aged (53.76±7.42) years. All the patients received artificial airway assisted respiration and routine intervention. On this basis, the patients in the observation group were additionally given 4P medical model intervention. The psychological status [scores of Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) and Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD)], sputum viscosity, incidence of complications, quality of life score, and patient satisfaction were compared between the two groups. t test and χ² test were used. Results　After intervention, the scores of HAMA [(14.36±3.19) points] and HAMD [(9.28±2.65) points] in the observation group were lower than those in the control group [(19.55±5.01) points and (15.49±3.29) points], with statistically significant differences (t=6.825 and 11.481, both P<0.05). The phlegm viscosity of the observation group was better than that of the control group (P<0.05). The incidence of complications in the observation group [8.20% (5/61)] was lower than that in the control group [24.59% (15/61)], with a statistically significant difference (χ²=13.511, P<0.001). After intervention, the scores of physical function [(57.88±9.23) points], role physical [(68.01±11.28) points], physical pain [(47.36±9.18) points], vitality [(58.95±10.20) points], social function [(62.17±12.55) points], role emotional [(58.06±10.11) points], mental health [(64.05±10.29) points], and overall health [(66.29±14.80) points] in the observation group were higher than those in the control group [(52.03±7.39) points, (62.50±8.19) points, (44.21±7.30) points, (54.22±8.01) points, (57.90±9.33) points, (53.90±8.77) points, (59.37±7.80) points, and (60.21±12.27) points], with statistically significant differences (t=3.864, 3.087, 2.098, 2.848, 2.133, 2.428, 2.831, and 2.470; all P<0.05). The patient satisfaction rate in the observation group [96.72% (59/61)] was higher than that in the control group [80.33% (49/61)], with a statistically significant difference (χ²=8.069, P=0.005). Conclusion　The application of 4P medical model in artificial airway management of patients with cerebral hemorrhage can relieve the bad mood, improve the sputum viscosity, reduce the incidence of complications, and improve the quality of life.

Key words:

Cerebral hemorrhage, Artificial airway, 4P medical model

摘要：

目的　探讨4P医学模式在脑出血患者人工气道管理中的应用。方法　本文为随机对照试验。选取2019年1月至2021年6月聊城市第三人民医院收治的122例脑出血患者为研究对象，按入院单双顺序分为对照组和观察组，各61例。所有患者均建立人工气道辅助呼吸，对照组［男35例、女26例，年龄（54.29±7.50）岁］给予常规干预，观察组［男38例、女23例，年龄（53.76±7.42）岁］在对照组基础上实施4P医学模式干预。比较两组心理状态［汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAMA）、汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD）评分］、痰液黏稠度、并发症发生率、生活质量评分及患者满意度。采用t检验、χ²检验。结果　干预后，观察组HAMA［（14.36±3.19）分］、HAMD评分［（9.28±2.65）分］均低于对照组［（19.55±5.01）分、（15.49±3.29）分］，差异均有统计学意义（t=6.825、11.481，均P<0.05）。观察组痰液黏稠度优于对照组（P<0.05）。观察组并发症发生率［8.20%（5/61）］低于对照组［24.59%（15/61）］，差异有统计学意义（χ²=13.511，P<0.001）。干预后，观察组机体功能［（57.88±9.23）分］、生理职能［（68.01±11.28）分］、躯体疼痛［（47.36±9.18）分］、活力［（58.95±10.20）分］、社会功能［（62.17±12.55）分］、情感职能［（58.06±10.11）分］、精神健康［（64.05±10.29）分］及总体健康评分［（66.29±14.80）分］均高于对照组［（52.03±7.39）分、（62.50±8.19）分、（44.21±7.30）分、（54.22±8.01）分、（57.90±9.33）分、（53.90±8.77）分、（59.37±7.80）分、（60.21±12.27）分］，差异均有统计学意义（t=3.864、3.087、2.098、2.848、2.133、2.428、2.831、2.470，均P<0.05）。观察组患者满意度［96.72%（59/61）］高于对照组［80.33%（49/61）］，差异有统计学意义（χ²=8.069，P=0.005）。结论　应用4P医学模式在脑出血患者人工气道中进行管理，能够缓解不良情绪，改善痰液黏稠度，降低并发症发生率，提高生活质量。

关键词:

脑出血, 人工气道, 4P医学模式