Abstract:

Objective　To explore the effects of medical nutrition nursing model on the immune function and quality of life in hemodialysis patients. Methods　This study was a randomized controlled trial. A total of 60 hemodialysis patients in Xuzhou No.1 People's Hospital from January 2021 to January 2022 were selected as the study objects, and were divided into a control group and an observation group of 30 cases in each group according to the random number table method. In the control group, 19 males and 11 females, aged (50.16±4.87) years, were given routine nursing. In the observation group, 18 males and 12 females, aged (50.49±4.28) years, were given medical nutrition nursing model on the basis of routine nursing. The immune function, self-management behaviors, and qualities of life were compared between the two groups. Independent sample t test and χ² test were used. Results　After intervention, the body mass index [(23.18±3.50) kg/m²], levels of total protein [(63.33±3.17) g/L], albumin [(35.41±6.24) g/L], and hemoglobin [(119.18±18.35) g/L], and scores of physical function [(22.23±1.16) points], psychological function [(22.16±1.05) points], social function [(21.96±1.28) points], environment [(22.13±1.78) points], peer relationship [(14.31±0.55) points], executive self-care [(17.71±0.45) points], problem solving [(19.31±4.34) points], and mood change [(10.23±0.88) points] in the observation group were higher than those in the control group [(21.27±2.54) kg/m², (61.03±3.01) g/L, (32.05±3.57) g/L, (110.59±14.33) g/L, (18.47±1.12) points, (17.84±1.46) points, (17.96±1.34) points, (18.46±1.86) points, (13.94±0.77) points, (17.25±0.60) points, (16.67±3.97) points, and (9.56±0.73) points], with statistically significant differences (t=2.419, 2.882, 2.559, 2.021, 16.488, 16.986, 15.263, 10.079, 2.142, 3.359, 2.458, and 3.209; all P<0.05). Conclusion　The medical nutrition nursing model for hemodialysis patients can improve the immune function and quality of life, and improve their self-management behaviors, which is conducive to their early recovery and is worthy of clinical promotion.

Key words:

Hemodialysis, Immune function, Quality of life, Medical nutrition nursing

摘要：

目的　探究医学营养护理模式对血液透析患者免疫功能及生活质量的影响。方法　本研究为随机对照试验，选取2021年1月至2022年1月徐州市第一人民医院收取的60例血液透析患者作为研究对象，依照随机数字表法分为两组，各30例。对照组男19例、女11例，年龄（50.16±4.87）岁，采用常规护理；观察组男18例、女12例，年龄（50.49±4.28）岁，在常规护理基础上增加医学营养护理模式。对比两组患者免疫功能、自我管理行为及生活质量。采用独立样本t检验、χ²检验。结果　干预后，观察组体质量指数［（23.18±3.50）kg/m²］，总蛋白［（63.33±3.17）g/L］、白蛋白［（35.41±6.24）g/L］、血红蛋白水平［（119.18±18.35）g/L］，身体功能［（22.23±1.16）分］、心理功能［（22.16±1.05）分］、社会功能［（21.96±1.28）分］、环境［（22.13±1.78）分］、同伴关系［（14.31±0.55）分］、执行自我护理［（17.71±0.45）分］、问题解决［（19.31±4.34）分］、情绪变化评分［（10.23±0.88）分］均高于对照组［（21.27±2.54）kg/m²、（61.03±3.01）g/L、（32.05±3.57）g/L、（110.59±14.33）g/L、（18.47±1.12）分、（17.84±1.46）分、（17.96±1.34）分、（18.46±1.86）分、（13.94±0.77）分、（17.25±0.60）分、（16.67±3.97）分、（9.56±0.73）分］，差异均有统计学意义（t=2.419、2.882、2.559、2.021、16.488、16.986、15.263、10.079、2.142、3.359、2.458、3.209，均P<0.05）。结论　对于血液透析患者给予医学营养护理模式可提高免疫功能及生活质量，改善患者自我管理行为，利于患者早日康复，临床可推广。

关键词:

血液透析, 免疫功能, 生活质量, 医学营养护理