关键词: 感知风险, 无偿献血, 献血招募, 大学生

Abstract:

Objective　To explore the influencing factors of perceived risks associated with unpaid blood donation among college students in Guangzhou, and provide a scientific basis for optimizing blood donation recruitment strategies for this population. Methods　A semi-structured questionnaire was developed based on literature review and expert consultation. Using a stratified sampling method, an anonymous survey was conducted among students from six universities in Guangzhou via the "Questionnaire Star" platform from September to October 2024. A total of 175 valid questionnaires were collected, including 75 males and 100 females. The respondents were primarily freshmen (26.3%) and masters (24.0%).The questionnaire covered demographic characteristics, blood donation knowledge, and a perceived risk scale. It was designed to examine differences in perceived risks between gender groups, identify key influencing factors, and construct a predictive model for blood donation intention. Statistical analyses were performed using one-way ANOVA, principal component factor analysis, and binary logistic regression analysis. Results　The study revealed that health-related perceived risk (explained variance: 29.378%) was the primary influencing factor, primarily manifested as concerns about physical condition before and after blood donation. This was followed by sense of honor and identity toward blood donation (explained variance: 11.320%),trust-related perceived risk (9.026%), and donation environment and social influence (6.467%).Females' risk perception of health concerns and hygiene concerns about blood collection equipment was significantly higher than men (3.62 vs. 3.06, 3.66 vs. 3.14), and the differences were statistically significant (F=12.458 and 7.578, both P<0.05).Health-related concerns demonstrated a significant negative association with donation willingness (β=-1.029, adjusted OR=0.357,P<0.05).Male gender emerged as a positive predictor (β=1.119, adjusted OR=3.063,P<0.05).Blood donation knowledge level showed a positive correlation (β=0.237, adjusted OR=1.267,P<0.05) Conclusion　Scientific and effective publicity and recruitment strategies should be adopted for the perceived risk factors that affect college students' willingness to donate blood, to improve college students' cognitive level of blood donation and the awareness rate of the destination of blood and the rights and interests of blood donors, to reduce the perceived risks of college students' blood donation, and to further develop the blood donation potential of college students.

Key words: Perceived risk,  , Voluntary blood donation,  , Blood donation recruitment,  , College students